Power Electronics for the Next Generation of Electrified Vehicles

下一代电动汽车的电力电子技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03320
• 负责人: Emadi, Ali
• 金额: $ 6.63万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752089
• 关键词: Power; Electronics; Next; Generation; Electrified

Electrified vehicles (EVs), including battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), are a key measure to reduce emissions and mitigate climate change. EVs utilize a range of power electronics (PE) systems - including converters, such as auxiliary power modules (APM), onboard chargers (OBC), and motor drives (MD) - which are critical elements of the overall powertrain. Increases in power conversion efficiency and power density are needed to improve range, performance, and cost-effectiveness of the next generation of EVs. Power semiconductor devices using state-of-the-art materials, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) - also known as wide band gap (WBG) devices - allow a higher switching frequency when compared with Silicon (Si) based devices that are still widely used, and are viewed as key enabling technologies to realize these much-needed improvements. The objective of the proposed research program is to support the next generation of EVs by designing power converters that are more cost effective, efficient, and reliable than the current state-of-the-art. To accomplish this, we will develop models, algorithms, and tools that allow the design and optimization of advanced and integrated power modules utilizing WBG devices, will apply the outcomes into novel PE topologies, circuit integration methods, and a prototype integrated power module. However, as WBG devices operate at higher temperatures, PE systems, components, and modules that utilize them need to be designed to address thermal management (TM) issues. The high switching speed of WBG devices also creates challenges with gate drives and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed research program will consider a range of approaches that could inform the development of novel PE topologies, components, and modules that exploit WBG devices, including: optimal circuit topologies; power stage integration and sharing; control architectures and techniques; gate driver integration; integrated TM strategies within the power module to remove layers of thermal interface material; and high power-density packaging technologies (encompassing novel materials and additive manufacturing techniques). In addition to specific power, increases in efficiency at the component and system levels will be addressed over the duration of the project. The proposed research will enable the development of new PE components and systems with increased power density and efficiency and accelerate the development of the next generation of higher-performance, lower-cost electrified vehicles. It will also advance the state-of-the-art in the scientific literature and help meet the growing demand from Canada's engineering sector for HQP with hands-on experience and an understanding of power electronics, contributing to job creation and growth in the region.

电动车辆（EV），包括电池电动汽车（BEV），混合动力汽车（HEVS），插电式混合动力电动汽车（PHEVS）和燃料电池电动汽车（FCEVS），是减少排放并减轻气候变化的关键措施。电动汽车使用一系列电源电子（PE）系统 - 包括转换器，例如辅助功率模块（APM），板载充电器（OBC）和电动机驱动器（MD），它们是整个动力总成的关键元素。 需要提高功率转换效率和功率密度，以提高下一代电动汽车的范围，性能和成本效益。使用最先进的材料（例如碳化硅（SIC）和硝酸甘油（GAN））的功率半导体设备（GAN）（也称为宽带隙（WBG）设备）与硅（SI）相比，允许更高的开关频率（SI）（SI）的设备被广泛使用，并将其视为钥匙启用这些技术，可以改进这些钥匙。拟议的研究计划的目的是通过设计比当前最新技术更具成本效益，高效和可靠的电力转换器来支持下一代电动汽车。为此，我们将开发模型，算法和工具，以使用WBG设备的高级和集成功率模块的设计和优化，将其结果应用于新颖的PE拓扑，电路集成方法以及原型集成电源模块。但是，随着WBG设备在较高的温度下运行，需要设计使用它们的PE系统，组件和模块来解决热管理（TM）问题。 WBG设备的高开关速度还通过门驱动器和电磁干扰（EMI）引起挑战。 拟议的研究计划将考虑一系列方法，这些方法可以为开发新的PE拓扑，组件和模块的开发，这些方法利用了WBG设备，包括：最佳电路拓扑；权力阶段集成和共享；控制体系结构和技术；门驱动程序集成；在功率模块中集成了TM策略，以去除热接口材料的层；和高功率密度包装技术（包括新型材料和添加剂制造技术）。除了特定的功率外，在项目期间，组件和系统级别的效率还将提高。拟议的研究将使新的PE组件和系统的开发具有提高的功率密度和效率，并加速下一代高性能，低成本的电动车辆的发展。它还将推进科学文献的最先进，并通过动手经验和对电力电子的理解，帮助满足加拿大工程领域对HQP的不断增长的需求，从而有助于该地区的就业机会和增长。