Near-future aviation fuels: Synthesis, testing, and GHG emissions

近期航空燃料：合成、测试和温室气体排放

• 批准号: 577181-2022
• 负责人: Gulder, OmerOL
• 金额: $ 35.7万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743255
• 关键词: Near; future; aviation; fuels; Synthesis

The main drivers that will shape the future of aviation will be contributions to climate forcing due to carbon dioxide emissions and contrails formation. Currently, there seems to be no viable prime mover that will replace the gas turbine as the preferred engine for the medium to long range commercial aircraft. It is expected that for the near future these engines will be fueled by liquid hydrocarbons produced from sustainable sources. Today, civil aviation contributes about 3-5% of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions due to conventional aviation fuel use. Unless the impediments to replacing current aviation fuels by sustainable ones are removed, the negative impacts of aviation on the earth's climate will continue to intensify. Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) are defined as renewable or waste-derived aviation fuels that meet sustainability criteria. Technical analysis done at International Civil Aviation Organization shows that SAF has the greatest potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from International Aviation. However, there exist several knowledge gaps and barriers to adopting new fuels; some are technical and scientific, and some others are related to sustainability and logistics. The proposed project aims to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in (a) emissions characteristics of seven SAF, specified by the aviation industry organizations and produced by specified processes, under engine-relevant combustion conditions, and (b) production and combustion/emissions characteristics of a new class of potential aviation fuels Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers (PODE) and its blends. Our research efforts will include parallel experiments and numerical simulations. The deliverables of this research program will address the technical and scientific knowledge gaps in using new fuels in aviation by providing detailed information about the emissions characteristics under engine-relevant conditions. Results will help the Canadian gas turbine engine manufacturers to evaluate the impacts of engine exhaust on the environment, and facilitate the decision-making and strategies for the potential of future aviation fuels for a low-carbon path to zero-emission aviation.

塑造航空业未来的主要驱动力将是二氧化碳排放和凝结尾迹形成对气候的影响。目前，似乎还没有可行的原动机可以取代燃气轮机作为中远程商用飞机的首选发动机。预计在不久的将来，这些发动机将使用可持续来源生产的液态碳氢化合物作为燃料。如今，由于使用传统航空燃料，民用航空排放的人为温室气体排放量约占 3-5%。除非消除用可持续燃料替代现有航空燃料的障碍，否则航空对地球气候的负面影响将继续加剧。可持续航空燃料（SAF）被定义为符合可持续标准的可再生或废物衍生的航空燃料。国际民用航空组织的技术分析表明，SAF 在减少国际航空二氧化碳排放方面具有最大潜力。然而，采用新燃料存在一些知识差距和障碍；有些是技术和科学的，有些则与可持续性和物流有关。拟议项目旨在促进以下方面的知识进步：(a) 由航空工业组织指定并在发动机相关燃烧条件下通过指定工艺生产的七种 SAF 的排放特性，以及 (b) 生产和燃烧/排放特性聚甲醛二甲醚（PODE）及其混合物是一类新型潜在航空燃料。我们的研究工作将包括并行实验和数值模拟。该研究计划的成果将通过提供有关发动机相关条件下排放特性的详细信息，解决航空中使用新燃料的技术和科学知识差距。研究结果将帮助加拿大燃气涡轮发动机制造商评估发动机废气对环境的影响，并促进未来航空燃料潜力的决策和战略，以实现零排放航空的低碳之路。