Next-generation sulfidated zerovalent iron nanoparticles for groundwater remediation: degradation of emerging and legacy halogenated pollutants and interactions with bacteria

用于地下水修复的下一代硫化零价铁纳米粒子：新兴和遗留卤化污染物的降解以及与细菌的相互作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03412
• 负责人: Ghoshal, Subhasis
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=742531
• 关键词: Next; generation; sulfidated; zerovalent; iron

Water is a critical resource for global health and economic development and its global scarcity is exacerbated by increasing pollution. A significant number of aquifers and water sources are contaminated by many halogenated organic chemicals known to be toxic to humans or that are only now being linked to a wide range of human health issues including cancer, neurological disorders and endocrine disruption. Eliminating these chemicals from water is challenging because of their high stability and persistence, and technological advances are needed to enable or improve their elimination in contaminated water sources. The proposed research program will develop cost-effective and safe nanoparticles, made of earth-abundant elements such as iron, sulfur and carbon, for efficient in situ treatment of a variety of toxic halogenated organic chemicals in our water sources. The judicious assembly of atoms and molecules comprised of these elements into nanoparticles can yield highly reactive treatment agents whose performance surpasses those enabled by conventional agents. Current nanoparticles are either not sufficiently reactive in the actual environment or have toxic elements which render their direct use in our aquifers and water sources impossible. The research to be conducted is original and innovative because it will (i) develop safe iron-sulfur-carbon composite nanoparticles that are strategically designed to be very reactive in polluted environments; (ii) tune the design and composition of the nanoparticles to be reactive to a broad spectrum of toxic halogenated chemicals; (iii) identify strategies for the nanoparticles to act synergistically with pollutant-degrading bacteria to enable efficient and sustainable clean-up of polluted waters. The research program will provide high quality training for 1 postdoc, 4 PhD, 3 MSc and 5 undergraduate students. They will develop novel nanomaterials, use cutting-edge tools to generate new knowledge of how their composition can provide high reactivity, high stability when deployed in the environment, and high synergism with pollutant-degrading bacteria. The research will enable us to meet increasingly stringent regulatory limits for toxic halogenated chemicals for protection of human health and the environment. The research results will be directly transferred to research partners from industry and government, and to the larger community through publications and conferences, ensuring environmental, social and economic benefits to Canada.

水是全球健康和经济发展的重要资源，而日益严重的污染加剧了水的全球稀缺性。大量含水层和水源受到许多卤化有机化学物质的污染，这些化学物质已知对人类有毒，或者直到现在才与广泛的人类健康问题相关，包括癌症、神经系统疾病和内分泌干扰。由于这些化学物质具有高稳定性和持久性，从水中消除这些化学物质具有挑战性，并且需要技术进步来实现或改善它们在受污染水源中的消除。拟议的研究计划将开发具有成本效益且安全的纳米颗粒，由铁、硫和碳等地球丰富的元素制成，用于有效地原位处理水源中的各种有毒卤化有机化学品。将由这些元素组成的原子和分子明智地组装成纳米颗粒可以产生高反应性的处理剂，其性能超越了传统药剂的性能。目前的纳米粒子要么在实际环境中反应不够充分，要么含有有毒元素，这使得它们不可能在我们的含水层和水源中直接使用。即将进行的研究具有原创性和创新性，因为它将（i）开发安全的铁-硫-碳复合纳米粒子，这些纳米粒子经过战略设计，在污染环境中具有很高的反应性； (ii) 调整纳米颗粒的设计和成分，使其能够与多种有毒卤化化学品发生反应； (iii) 确定纳米颗粒与污染物降解细菌协同作用的策略，以实现有效和可持续的污染水体清理。该研究项目将为1名博士后、4名博士生、3名硕士生和5名本科生提供高质量的培训。他们将开发新型纳米材料，使用尖端工具产生新知识，了解其成分在环境中使用时如何提供高反应性、高稳定性以及与污染物降解细菌的高协同作用。该研究将使我们能够满足对有毒卤化化学品日益严格的监管限制，以保护人类健康和环境。研究成果将直接转移给行业和政府的研究合作伙伴，并通过出版物和会议转移给更大的社区，确保加拿大的环境、社会和经济效益。