A comprehensive framework for determining efficient bioremediation strategies for petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in cold regions

确定寒冷地区石油烃污染土壤有效生物修复策略的综合框架

• 批准号: 530891-2018
• 负责人: Ghoshal, Subhasis
• 金额: $ 5.2万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=691625
• 关键词: comprehensive; framework; determining; efficient; bioremediation

There are a significant number of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sites in Canadian northern territories and bioremediation, where soil microbes transform hazardous petroleum hydrocarbon compounds to less hazardous or non-hazardous products, is considered a cost-effective technology for clean up of those sites. However, low temperatures in cold regions may limit microbial degradation activity, and thus soil heating or optimizing bioremediation for different temperature regimes is required for improving bioremediation performance. Biostimulation by addition of nutrients, moisture, and oxygen to the contaminated soils can enhance microbial activity in northern sites. However, it is unclear if biostimulation can be tailored to the hydrocarbon-degrading microbial community only, rather than other soils microbes that may not be involved in hydrocarbon biodegradation. This study will systematically assess how temperature regimes and biostimulation affect the microbial community composition and activity, and if the timing of nutrient addition could lead to more efficient bioremediation operations adapted to low temperatures. The assessment of new biostimulation approaches will be based on data collected from microcosms and as well as pilot-scale bioreactors operated using various site soils and at different temperature regimes relevant to the sites. Residual, un-degraded fractions of contamination that are above regulatory clean-up levels is a common challenge. As part of this study, we will assess if the soil aggregate micro-structure and in particular, the fraction of pores inside soil aggregates which are not accessible to soil microorganisms, is a determining factor for bioremediation endpoints. The studies will be conducted in close collaboration with the industrial partner, Hydro-Quebec, who is interested in the sustainable development of the north and its communities. Undergraduate, PhD and postdoctoral students will be trained in this project on new approaches for effective bioremediation in northern sites.

在加拿大北部领土和生物修复中，有大量石油碳氢化合物污染物的地点，土壤微生物将危险石油烃化合物转化为危险或非危险的产品，被认为是一种用于清理这些站点的成本效益技术。但是，寒冷区域的低温可能会限制微生物降解活性，因此需要对不同温度方案进行土壤加热或优化生物修复以改善生物修复性能。通过在受污染的土壤中添加养分，水分和氧气可以增强北部部位的微生物活性。但是，目前尚不清楚是否只能针对碳氢化合物降解的微生物群落来定制生物刺激，而不是其他可能与碳氢化合物生物降解无关的土壤微生物。这项研究将系统地评估温度制度和生物刺激如何影响微生物群落组成和活动，以及添加营养的时间是否会导致更有效的生物化作业适应低温。对新生物刺激方法的评估将基于从缩影收集的数据以及使用各种位点土壤和与地点相关的不同温度状态进行操作的试验尺度生物反应器。高于调节性清理水平的残留，未降解的污染部分是一个普遍的挑战。作为这项研究的一部分，我们将评估土壤骨料微结构，尤其是土壤骨料内部的毛孔的比例是否是土壤微生物无法获得的，这是生物修复终点的决定因素。这些研究将与工业合作伙伴Hydro-Quebec密切合作，他对北方及其社区的可持续发展感兴趣。 本科生，博士和博士后学生将接受该项目的培训，以在北部现场有效生物修复的新方法进行培训。