Stereopsis in natural environments

自然环境中的立体视觉

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06694
• 负责人: Wilcox, Laurie
• 金额: $ 5.68万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739055
• 关键词: Stereopsis; natural; environments

One of the most fundamental roles of the human visual system is to provide information about the depth and distance of objects in our environment so that we can interact with our world safely and effectively. Depth judgments are essential for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day objectives like reaching for your coffee, to the exquisite precision needed to perform microsurgery. Within personal interaction space, the binocular depth cue stereopsis is our most precise and accurate source of relative depth information. However, there is considerable debate concerning the accuracy of 3D depth percepts from stereopsis alone, and in combination with other depth cues. I propose that a primary cause of this controversy is the presence of conflicting depth cues in most experiments caused by the use of 3D displays and simplified rendered stimuli. The aim of this series of experiments is to resolve this debate by quantifying the interaction between stereopsis and monocular cues in the perception of depth using real physical objects. To do so, I will use a one-of-a-kind computer-controlled apparatus to present physical objects at precise locations with controlled lighting and motion. Stimuli will be designed using advanced modelling software and 3D printed to exact specifications; we will systematically manipulate the presence and consistency of depth cues such as binocular disparity, texture gradients, focal blur and motion parallax.  All experiments will use psychophysical methods (e.g. the method of constant stimuli) and probabilistic models will be used to compare the combination of depth cues with theoretical predictions. This research program will have significant impact in: 1) bridging the gap between studies using computer generated stimuli, and how we use depth information in the natural world 2) addressing the long-standing debate concerning the metric nature of individual depth cues and 3) clarifying the role of stereopsis in depth perception under natural conditions. The experiments proposed here are the core of a larger research program that ultimately will define the impact and importance of stereoscopic depth perception in our ability to effectively interact with the world. The results provide an important benchmark for studies of visual cue combination in natural environments. The implications of the work are far-reaching, for stereopsis is the cornerstone of 3D visualization in a wide range of fields from entertainment to microsurgery and flight simulation.

人类视觉系统最基本的角色之一是提供有关环境中物体深度和距离的信息，以便我们可以安全有效地与世界互动。深度法官对于从简单的日常物品（例如拿到咖啡）到进行显微外科手术所需的精确度所需的任务至关重要。在个人互动空间内，双眼深度提示立体坐姿是我们最精确，最准确的相对深度信息来源。然而，关于仅立体观念的3D深度感知的准确性以及与其他深度提示的结合，存在着相当大的争论。我建议引起这一争议的主要原因是在大多数实验中存在相互冲突的深度线索，这是由于使用3D显示和简化的渲染刺激。这一系列实验的目的是通过使用真实物理对象在深度感知中量化立体原子和单眼线索之间的相互作用来解决这一辩论。为此，我将使用一种独一无二的计算机控制设备在具有控制的照明和运动的精确位置呈现物理对象。刺激将使用高级建模软件和3D打印为精确规格设计；我们将系统地操纵深度线索的存在和一致性，例如双眼差，纹理梯度，局灶性模糊和平行运动。所有实验将使用心理物理方法（例如，恒定刺激的方法），概率模型将用于比较深度线索与理论预测的组合。该研究计划将在以下方面具有重大影响：1）使用计算机生成的刺激弥合研究之间的差距，以及我们如何在自然世界中使用深度信息2）解决有关单个深度线索的度量性质的长期辩论，以及3）阐明立体情绪在自然条件下在深度感知中的作用。这里提出的实验是一个较大的研究计划的核心，该计划最终将定义立体深度感知在我们与世界有效互动的能力中的影响和重要性。结果为研究自然环境中视觉提示组合的研究提供了重要的基准。这项工作的含义是深远的，因为立体观念是3D可视化的基石，从娱乐到微型外科手术和飞行模拟的广泛领域。