Impact of a Healthy Checkout Policy on Healthfulness of Grocery Environments and Sales

健康结账政策对杂货店环境和销售健康的影响

• 批准号: 10587200
• 负责人: Jennifer Falbe
• 金额: $ 70.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10587200
• 关键词: Adopted; Advocate; Affect; Area; Authorization documentation; Behavior; Beverages; Calories; Candy; Cities; Code; Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research; Consumption; Country; Dairying; Data; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Disease; Effectiveness; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Fabaceae; Food; Fruit; Income; Influentials; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Laws; Licensing; Methods; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nuts; Outcome; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Proxy; Public Health; Race; Reaction; Research; Sales; Sampling; Sodium; Surveys; Vegetables; authority; cost; experience; food environment; implementation barriers; implementation determinants; implementation evaluation; improved; innovation; novel; obesity risk; post implementation; soft drink; sugar; sweetened beverage; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The nation’s first healthy checkout policy was implemented in Berkeley, CA in 2021 and will be enforced in 2022, presenting an opportunity to understand policy effects on diet quality. This policy prohibits high-sugar and high-sodium products from checkouts, an area known for impulse purchasing. By potentially lowering consumption of sugary beverages, sweets, and salty snacks—the most common items at checkout—this policy could reduce population risk of obesity and types 2 diabetes. Voluntary checkout standards adopted in other countries have successfully decreased purchases of unhealthy foods and beverages and increased purchases of healthy ones, indicating that a mandatory healthy checkout policy could meaningfully improve diet quality. However, because Berkeley’s policy is the first of its kind, there are no studies on the degree to which a healthy checkout policy changes store food environments and the healthfulness of food and beverage purchases—an objective proxy for population diet quality. This research will evaluate the long-term impact of the nation’s first healthy checkout policy on the healthfulness of store food environments and purchases. By leveraging a natural experiment, these outcomes will be compared between Berkeley stores and stores in three comparison cities using synthetic control and difference-in-differences methods. The first aim is to assess the impact of the policy on store environments at checkout and elsewhere in the store, including the prevalence of unhealthy and healthy products and their contents of added sugar, calorie, and sodium in all 26 intervention stores and a random sample of 81 comparison stores. The second aim is to assess policy impact on purchases of (a) small sizes of snack foods and beverages commonly sold at checkout and (b) all sizes of these products (which accounts for substitution) using store- and product- level sales data from 16 intervention and 172 comparison stores. The third aim is to identify implementation factors that influence policy effectiveness, such as policy support, costs, reach, and stakeholder reactions using interviews with city staff, policymakers, and retailers and surveys of Berkeley residents. This evaluation leverages the baseline and 1- year post-baseline store environment data collected by the research team using a novel photo-based tool. The proposed research is expected to provide the first evidence on the effectiveness of a mandatory healthy checkout policy for improving food environments and store sales and the factors that facilitate or pose barriers to implementation, which can inform policy decisions in other jurisdictions.

项目摘要/摘要 该国的第一个健康结帐政策于2021年在加利福尼亚州伯克利实施，并将执行 2022年，有机会了解政策对饮食质量的影响。该政策禁止高糖 以及Checkouts的高钠产品，这是一个因冲动购买而闻名的领域。通过潜在降低 食用含糖饮料，糖果和咸零食（结帐时最常见的物品） 可以降低肥胖和2型糖尿病的人口风险。在其他中采用的自愿结帐标准 国家成功降低了对不健康食品和卧室的购买，并增加了购买 健康的人，表明强制性健康的结帐政策可能意味着完全提高饮食质量。 但是，由于伯克利的政策是同类政策，因此没有关于以下程度的研究 健康的结帐政策改变了食物环境和食物和卧室的健康 购买 - 人口饮食质量的客观代理。这项研究将评估 该国关于商店食品环境和购买的健康状况的首次健康结帐政策。经过 利用自然实验，将在伯克利商店和商店中比较这些结果 使用合成控制和差异方法的三个比较城市。第一个目的是评估 政策对结帐和商店其他地方的商店环境的影响，包括 不健康和健康的产品的患病率及其含有糖，卡路里和钠的含量26 干预存储和81个比较存储的随机样本。第二个目的是评估政策影响 购买（a）通常在结帐时出售的（b）所有尺寸的零食和卧室的小尺寸 这些产品使用商店和产品级别的销售数据从16个间隔开始 和172家比较存储。第三个目的是确定影响政策的实施因素 有效性，例如政策支持，成本，覆盖范围和利益相关者的反应。 政策制定者以及伯克利居民的零售商和调查。该评估利用基线和1- 研究团队使用新颖的基于照片的工具收集的基线后商店环境数据。这 预计拟议的研究将提供有关强制性健康有效性的第一个证据 结帐政策改善食品环境和商店销售以及促进或构成障碍的因素 实施，可以为其他司法管辖区提供政策决定。