Testing new models for sedimentary mineral behaviour

测试沉积矿物行为的新模型

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04368
• 负责人: Wilson, Siobhan
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737587
• 关键词: Testing; new; models; sedimentary; mineral

Minerals are the largest sources and sinks for metals, metalloids and volatile elements on Earth. Sedimentary minerals in particular have played an important role throughout Earth history in regulating element mobility and in preserving a record of biogeochemical change. Sedimentary rocks and metasediments also host important ores of uranium, lead, base metals (including iron, zinc and copper), phosphate, Rare Earth Elements, and precious metals (such as gold and silver). Although the structures, properties and environmental behaviours of sedimentary minerals have been well studied from a classical perspective, recent insights into the behaviour of minerals has thrown into question many of our fundamental assumptions about their stability as stores for contaminants and their role as long-term recorders of environmental change. While new models for sedimentary mineral behaviour continue to see development in the laboratory, their relative importance to geological processes has not been systematically tested in the field. A reassessment of the longevity and behaviour of sedimentary minerals is required in light of new insights that reveal the often transient nature of the isotopic and elemental information that they store. The core objectives of this proposal are to test the impacts of (1) gas-mineral reactions, (2) dynamic dissolution-precipitation (i.e., dynamic equilibrium), and (3) mineral replacement on preservation of the elemental, isotopic and biological information stored in carbonate, sulfate, sulfide, hydrotalcite, halide and hydroxide minerals. Experiments will be done to assess the importance of these behaviours within mineralogically similar lake sediments within the basaltic Cariboo Plateau and the Basque Lakes region in south-central British Columbia, Canada. The novelty of the proposed research lies in taking the study of non-classical mineral behaviour beyond the laboratory to quantify its impacts on real sediments in complex biogeochemical systems. All of the minerals that will be studied are ones that we rely upon for nutrient and contaminant management and that we use to reconstruct life's history on Earth. A greater understanding of how to tune the behaviour of mineral sources and sinks for the elements, and when sedimentary minerals can be relied upon as paleoenvironmental proxies, will result from this work.

矿物质是地球上金属，金属和挥发性元素的最大来源。尤其是沉积矿物质在整个地球历史上在调节元素流动性和保存生物地球化学变化的记录方面发挥了重要作用。沉积岩石和化石还具有铀，铅，碱金属（包括铁，锌和铜），磷酸盐，稀土元素以及贵金属（例如金和银）的重要矿石。尽管从经典的角度对沉积矿物的结构，性质和环境行为进行了充分的研究，但最近对矿物行为的见解引起了质疑，我们将许多基本假设质疑，这些基本假设将其作为污染物的稳定性及其作为环境变化的长期记录的作用。尽管沉积矿物行为的新模型继续看到实验室的发展，但在该领域，尚未对其对地质过程的相对重要性进行系统测试。根据新见解，需要对沉积矿物的寿命和行为进行重新评估，这些新见解揭示了它们存储的同位素和元素信息的经常瞬时性质。 The core objectives of this proposal are to test the impacts of (1) gas-mineral reactions, (2) dynamic dissolution-precipitation (i.e., dynamic equilibrium), and (3) mineral replacement on preservation of the elemental, isotopic and biological information stored in carbonate, sulfate, sulfide, hydrotalcite, halide and hydroxide minerals.将进行实验，以评估这些行为在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省中南部的玄武岩加州高原和巴斯克湖地区内的矿物学相似湖泊沉积物中的重要性。拟议研究的新颖性在于对实验室以外的非古典矿物行为进行研究，以量化其对复杂生物地球化学系统中实际沉积物的影响。所有将要研究的矿物都是我们依赖于营养和污染物管理的矿物质，并且我们用来重建地球上的生活历史。对如何调整矿物源和下沉的元素行为，以及何时将沉积物矿物作为古环境代理依靠，这将是由这项工作造成的。