Transcriptomic responses of in ovo delivered bioactive substances in heat-stressed broiler chickens

热应激肉鸡卵内传递生物活性物质的转录组反应

• 批准号: 571288-2021
• 负责人: Adewole, Deborah
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=729133
• 关键词: Transcriptomic; responses; ovo; delivered; bioactive

Poultry constitutes one of the most consumed animal proteins globally; thus, the poultry industry currently sustains the food security of billions of people. Despite the importance of the poultry industry, the welfare and performance of poultry birds are being impaired by environmental and regulatory factors regarding the use of antibiotics. Heat stress (HS) has explicitly been regarded as "the main environmental factor" negatively impacting the poultry sector. HS occurs when the heat generated in the body surpasses its dissipation ability and the animal becomes incapable of getting rid of excess heat. Poultry lacks sweat glands and has an increased metabolic rate due to selection for rapid growth; hence they are more vulnerable to HS, which causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry. The economic impact of HS on the poultry industry is up to $165 million in annual losses. Several bioactive substances have been reported to have HS mitigative and antibiotic replacement properties. However, the conventional routes of bioactive substance delivery, i.e., via the feed or water, limit their efficacy. Delivering these substances via the in ovo route might help overcome the limitations of the conventional delivery routes and enhance their HS mitigating and antibiotic replacement capacities. Therefore, this study intends to utilize molecular biological techniques to evaluate broiler chickens' response to a mimicked summer heatwave. The HS mitigating potential of in ovo delivered bioactive substances (probiotics, folic acid, and essential oil) will also be determined. Outcomes from this study could help solve two critical challenges facing the global poultry industry, finding an effective alternative to antibiotics and HS mitigation. This research will ensure optimal gut health development in broiler chickens, hence dismissing the need for antibiotic use. In collaboration with a Professor of Avian Endocrinology and Molecular Genetics, at the Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, USA, we will determine the immune and intestinal barrier-related gene expression, using genomic and transcriptomic tools. A Ph.D. student will be trained by both participating researchers.

家禽构成全球最消耗的动物蛋白之一。因此，家禽业目前维持了数十亿人的粮食安全。尽管家禽行业很重要，但有关使用抗生素的环境和法规因素，家禽鸟的福利和表现仍受到损害。热应激（HS）已被明确视为对家禽部门产生负面影响的“主要环境因素”。当体内产生的热量超过其耗散能力并且动物无法摆脱过量热量时，就会发生HS。家禽缺乏汗腺，由于选择快速生长而导致代谢率提高。因此，它们更容易受到HS的影响，这会给家禽业带来巨大的经济损失。 HS对家禽行业的经济影响高达1.65亿美元的年损失。据报道，几种生物活性物质具有HS降低和抗生素替代特性。但是，生物活性物质递送的常规途径，即通过饲料或水限制其功效。通过IN OVO路线传递这些物质可能有助于克服常规交付路线的局限性，并增强其HS减轻和抗生素替代能力。因此，本研究打算利用分子生物学技术来评估肉鸡对模仿夏季热浪的反应。还将确定HS减轻ovo递送的生物活性物质（益生菌，叶酸和精油）的潜力。这项研究的结果可以帮助解决全球家禽行业面临的两个关键挑战，找到了一种有效的抗生素和HS减轻替代品。这项研究将确保肉鸡鸡的最佳肠道健康发展，因此驳回了对使用抗生素的需求。与美国阿肯色大学家禽科学卓越科学卓越中心与禽类内分泌学和分子遗传学教授合作，我们将使用基因组和转录组工具确定免疫和肠道屏障与基因相关的基因表达。博士学生将接受两位参与研究人员的培训。