Impact of Wetting Transparency on Lubricating and Adhesive Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials

润湿透明度对二维材料润滑和粘合性能的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04545
• 负责人: Egberts, Philip
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717095
• 关键词: Impact; Wetting; Transparency; Lubricating; Adhesive

Poorly optimized lubrication properties of oils and greases results in increased friction causing parasitic energy losses in machines (such as automotive engines, wind turbines, bearings), as well as often resulting in the gradual wear of the individual components that are required for the machine to operate. The associated industrial energy losses have a significant impact on both the environment and the economy. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been used on their own and as additives in oils, greases, and other base lubricants to improve their proeprties beyond what could be achieved through conventional materials. 2D materials are only one atom thick and have a micron or larger dimension in the other two directions. This proposal targets the further improvement of lubrication strategies using these advanced materials through fundamental examination of surfaces covered by 2D materials. This fundamental examination is required to determine the exact mechanisms by which 2D materials reduce friction and wear. This current shortcoming has reduced the effectiveness of 2D materials such that they are currently not suitable for real-world applications, be it in terms of reliability, life-times, or sufficiently improved lubrication properties. In this research, the lubricating mechanism of 2D materials will be achieved through experiments using ultra-high vacuum atomic force microscopy (UHV AFM). These experiments will reveal the true properties of these lubricants in the absence of environmental or other contamination. Further, a comparison of the lubricating properties of 2D materials determined under UHV conditions and real-world conditions will reveal the environmental factors that truly impact the friction and wear reducing properties of 2D materials in industrial applications. The fundamental knowledge gained through this AFM experimentation will be used to improve the analytical and physical models that describe friction, wear, and other energy-loss mechanisms in sliding mechanical contacts. The improvement of these models is critical for predictive control and design of low-energy mechanical systems. The proposed research program will use AFM to specifically measure changes in surface energy at the surface when varying numbers of layers of these lubricants cover the surface. The innate thinness of these materials is much smaller than the distance at which attractive adhesive forces typically extend from surfaces. However, complications with environmental contamination, the difficulty in accessing material properties at this length-scale, and challenges in linking computer atomistic simulations with experimental work has resulted in conflicting findings over the past years. Given the additional importance of surface energy, beyond impacting the lubricating properties of these materials, to mixing of composite materials, adhesive materials, and other fields, significant impact of this work in other fields is anticipated.

油和润滑脂的润滑性能优化不佳会导致摩擦增加，从而导致机器（例如汽车发动机、风力涡轮机、轴承）中的寄生能量损失，并且通常会导致机器运行所需的各个部件逐渐磨损。操作。 相关的工业能源损失对环境和经济都有重大影响。二维 (2D) 材料已单独使用，也可作为油、润滑脂和其他基础润滑剂中的添加剂，以改善其性能，超越传统材料所能达到的性能。二维材料只有一个原子厚，在其他两个方向上具有微米或更大的尺寸。该提案的目标是通过对二维材料覆盖的表面进行基本检查，进一步改进使用这些先进材料的润滑策略。需要进行这项基本检查来确定二维材料减少摩擦和磨损的确切机制。当前的这一缺点降低了二维材料的有效性，使得它们目前不适合实际应用，无论是在可靠性、使用寿命还是充分改善的润滑性能方面。 在这项研究中，二维材料的润滑机制将通过超高真空原子力显微镜（UHV AFM）的实验来实现。这些实验将揭示这些润滑剂在没有环境或其他污染的情况下的真实特性。此外，在特高压条件下和真实条件下确定的二维材料的润滑性能的比较将揭示真正影响工业应用中二维材料的摩擦和磨损减少性能的环境因素。通过 AFM 实验获得的基础知识将用于改进描述滑动机械接触中的摩擦、磨损和其他能量损失机制的分析和物理模型。这些模型的改进对于低能机械系统的预测控制和设计至关重要。 拟议的研究计划将使用 AFM 来专门测量当这些润滑剂覆盖表面的层数不同时表面能的变化。这些材料的固有厚度远小于吸引力通常从表面延伸的距离。然而，环境污染的复杂性、在这种长度尺度上获取材料特性的困难以及将计算机原子模拟与实验工作联系起来的挑战导致了过去几年中相互矛盾的发现。鉴于表面能除了影响这些材料的润滑性能之外，对于复合材料、粘合剂材料和其他领域的混合也具有额外的重要性，预计这项工作将在其他领域产生重大影响。