Impact of Wetting Transparency on Lubricating and Adhesive Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials

润湿透明度对二维材料润滑和粘合性能的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04545
• 负责人: Egberts, Philip
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=759757
• 关键词: Impact; Wetting; Transparency; Lubricating; Adhesive

Poorly optimized lubrication properties of oils and greases results in increased friction causing parasitic energy losses in machines (such as automotive engines, wind turbines, bearings), as well as often resulting in the gradual wear of the individual components that are required for the machine to operate. The associated industrial energy losses have a significant impact on both the environment and the economy. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been used on their own and as additives in oils, greases, and other base lubricants to improve their proeprties beyond what could be achieved through conventional materials. 2D materials are only one atom thick and have a micron or larger dimension in the other two directions. This proposal targets the further improvement of lubrication strategies using these advanced materials through fundamental examination of surfaces covered by 2D materials. This fundamental examination is required to determine the exact mechanisms by which 2D materials reduce friction and wear. This current shortcoming has reduced the effectiveness of 2D materials such that they are currently not suitable for real-world applications, be it in terms of reliability, life-times, or sufficiently improved lubrication properties. In this research, the lubricating mechanism of 2D materials will be achieved through experiments using ultra-high vacuum atomic force microscopy (UHV AFM). These experiments will reveal the true properties of these lubricants in the absence of environmental or other contamination. Further, a comparison of the lubricating properties of 2D materials determined under UHV conditions and real-world conditions will reveal the environmental factors that truly impact the friction and wear reducing properties of 2D materials in industrial applications. The fundamental knowledge gained through this AFM experimentation will be used to improve the analytical and physical models that describe friction, wear, and other energy-loss mechanisms in sliding mechanical contacts. The improvement of these models is critical for predictive control and design of low-energy mechanical systems. The proposed research program will use AFM to specifically measure changes in surface energy at the surface when varying numbers of layers of these lubricants cover the surface. The innate thinness of these materials is much smaller than the distance at which attractive adhesive forces typically extend from surfaces. However, complications with environmental contamination, the difficulty in accessing material properties at this length-scale, and challenges in linking computer atomistic simulations with experimental work has resulted in conflicting findings over the past years. Given the additional importance of surface energy, beyond impacting the lubricating properties of these materials, to mixing of composite materials, adhesive materials, and other fields, significant impact of this work in other fields is anticipated.

油和润滑脂的优化润滑性能较差会导致摩擦增加，从而导致机器（例如汽车发动机，风力涡轮机，轴承）的寄生能量损失，并且通常导致逐渐磨损机器所需的单个组件，以使机器需要逐渐磨损操作。相关的工业能源损失对环境和经济都有重大影响。二维（2D）材料已自行使用，并用作油，油脂和其他碱性润滑剂的添加剂，以改善其对通过传统材料所能实现的影响。 2D材料仅是一个原子厚，在其他两个方向上具有微米或更大的尺寸。该提案通过对2D材料覆盖的表面进行基本检查，以这些高级材料的基本检查来进一步改善润滑策略。需要进行基本检查以确定2D材料减少摩擦和磨损的确切机制。当前的缺点降低了2D材料的有效性，因此目前不适合现实世界应用，无论是在可靠性，生命时期还是足​​够改善的润滑性能方面。在这项研究中，将通过使用超高真空原子力显微镜（UHV AFM）实验实现2D材料的润滑机制。这些实验将在没有环境或其他污染的情况下揭示这些润滑剂的真实特性。此外，比较在UHV条件和现实世界中确定的2D材料的润滑性能将揭示出真正影响摩擦并磨损2D材料在工业应用中的摩擦特性的环境因素。通过此AFM实验获得的基本知识将用于改善描述滑动机械接触中摩擦，磨损和其他节能机制的分析和物理模型。这些模型的改进对于低能机械系统的预测控制和设计至关重要。 当这些润滑剂的层覆盖表面时，提出的研究计划将使用AFM专门测量表面表面能的变化。这些材料的先天薄度比有吸引力的粘合力通常从表面延伸的距离要小得多。但是，环境污染的并发症，在此长度尺度上访问材料特性的困难以及将计算机原子模拟与实验工作联系起来的挑战导致过去几年的发现矛盾。鉴于表面能的额外重要性，除了影响这些材料的润滑性能之外，还预计这项工作在其他领域的重大影响。