Low-valent and low-coordinate main group chemistry

低价低配位主族化学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05531
• 负责人: Macdonald, Charles
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713723
• 关键词: Low; valent; low; coordinate; main

The research program outlined in this proposal entails the development and investigation of several new families of inorganic reagents. In particular, this research is focused on the chemistry of the main group, which includes the elements of the s- and p-blocks of the periodic table. Although these elements are components in many important materials e.g. the transparent semi-conductor called "indium tin oxide" is a critical component of touch screens and solar panels and chemical compounds (e.g. phosphates in fertilizers and cleaning products), the chemistry of these elements remains poorly understood and controlled in comparison to those of organic chemistry or transition metal chemistry. Our studies include both the synthesis of new main group compounds and the accurate modeling of chemical species and reactions through the use of computational chemistry. The target compounds consist of new classes of chemicals that contain main group elements in unusually low oxidation states and coordination numbers. Low oxidation state compounds are electron-rich and are typically highly reactive as are many elements with low coordination numbers. We have discovered convenient approaches to mediate the reactivity of several major classes of these compounds so that they are stable enough to be isolated yet still possess the desired reactivity characteristics. Our compounds allow for the convenient synthesis of many compounds that are difficult or impossible to make using traditional methods and we endeavour to use our new reagents to obtain many unprecedented types of chemicals. We will also explore the utility of our reagents (and chemicals derived from them) as precursors for the formation of new or important materials. In addition to their synthetic utility, the compounds studied will provide many new insights into the fundamental aspects of the chemistry of the main group elements. The understanding provided by such studies form the foundation necessary for the rational design and development of chemicals and materials derived from main group compounds.

该提案中概述的研究计划需要开发和调查几个新的无机试剂家族。 特别是，这项研究的重点是主要群体的化学，其中包括周期表的S-和P块的要素。 尽管这些要素是许多重要材料中的组成部分，例如透明的半导体称为“二锡氧化物”是触摸屏，太阳能电池板和化学化合物的关键组成部分（例如，肥料和清洁产物中的磷酸盐），与有机化学或过渡性金属化学的化学相比，这些元素的化学性能仍然不足以理解和控制。 我们的研究包括新的主要组化合物的合成以及化学物种的准确建模和通过使用计算化学的反应。 目标化合物由新的化学品组成，这些化学物质包含异常低氧化状态和协调数中的主要组元素。 低氧化态化合物是富含电子的，通常具有高反应性，许多配位数较低的元素也是如此。 我们已经发现了方便的方法来介导这些化合物的几个主要类别的反应性，从而使它们足够稳定以隔离，但仍然具有所需的反应性特征。 我们的化合物可以方便地合成许多难以或不可能使用传统方法制作的化合物，并且我们努力使用新试剂来获得许多前所未有的化学物质。 我们还将探索我们的试剂（以及从中获得的化学物质）的实用性，作为形成新材料或重要材料的前体。 除了它们的合成效用外，所研究的化合物还将为主要组元素化学的基本方面提供许多新的见解。 此类研究提供的理解构成了从主要组化合物衍生的化学物质和材料的理性设计和开发所必需的基础。