FECES-TO-FARM: technologies and molecular tools for controlling the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance from humans to animals while recovering fertilizing nutrients

FECES-TO-FARM：控制抗菌药物耐药性从人类向动物传播的技术和分子工具，同时回收施肥养分

• 批准号: 521349-2018
• 负责人: Frigon, Dominic
• 金额: $ 13.4万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697627
• 关键词: FECES; FARM; technologies; molecular; tools

As the number one global public health problem, the spread of antimicrobial resistance has profound impacts on human health, agriculture, the environment, and global trade. Animal production is a known amplification reservoir of mobile antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), with the food-supply chain likely being a major pathway to humans (FARM-to-FORK pathway). Recent data revealed that differences in ARGs profiles of human and animals correlated with differences in gut microbiomes. Thus, human-associated ARGs released to the environment may return to humans more readily than ARGs not previously associated with human microbiomes. The use of wastewater treatment residual biosolids as fertilizers creates a near direct link between municipal wastewaters and farms transferring human-associated ARGs (FECES-to-FARM pathway). Consequently, recycling nutrients using municipal biosolids may exacerbate the antimicrobial resistance crisis. ARG dynamics during methanogenic anaerobic digestion of biosolids (last treatment before disposal) remain poorly understood, precluding further developments to minimize ARG loads. Our Strategic Project will systematically assess new co-treatments that enhance digestion to determine the optimal ARG removal method. Focusing on reduction mechanisms, co-treatments will be selected either because they inactivate microbes and degrade antimicrobials (i.e., physicochemical treatments) or because they change microbial communities (e.g., extreme pH pre-fermentation). Fluoroquinolones (main antimicrobials in biosolids) will be quantified to evaluate their influence on ARG dynamics, and to provide regulators with novel community-defined lowest observed effect concentrations (LOECs) for setting removal targets. In parallel, our collaboration with the Canadian Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance will identify ARGs that are more abundant in wastewater than in animal excrement to use as FECES-to-FARM monitoring targets. These key data will support governmental efforts to develop policies against the resistance crisis. Supporting companies will gain value-added knowledge to improve their equipments and their readiness for new market constraints.

作为全球第一公共卫生问题，抗菌抗性的传播对人类健康，农业，环境和全球贸易产生了深远的影响。动物生产是可移动抗菌抗性基因（ARGS）的已知放大储层，而食物供应链可能是通往人类的主要途径（农场到卵石途径）。最近的数据表明，人类和动物的ARG谱图与肠道微生物组的差异相关。因此，与以前与人类微生物相关的ARG相比，向环境发布的与人类相关的ARG可能更容易返回人类。废水处理残留生物固体作为肥料，在市政废水和转移与人类相关的Args（粪便到农场途径）之间建立了几乎直接的联系。因此，使用市政生物固体回收养分可能会加剧抗菌耐药性危机。在生物固醇（处置前的最后治疗）甲烷质量厌氧消化过程中，ARG动力学仍然了解不足，从而排除了进一步的发展以最大程度地减少ARG载荷。我们的战略项目将系统地评估新的共同处理，从而增强消化，以确定最佳的ARG删除方法。专注于减少机制，将选择共同处理，因为它们使微生物失活并降解抗菌剂（即物理学治疗），或者是因为它们改变了微生物群落（例如，极端的pH前发酵率）。将量化氟喹诺酮类（生物固体中的主要抗菌剂）以评估其对ARG动力学的影响，并为调节剂提供新颖的社区定义的最低观察到的效应浓度（Loecs），以设置清除目标。同时，我们与加拿大抗微生物耐药性监视的合作将确定在废水中比动物排泄物更丰富的ARG，以用作粪便对农场的监测目标。这些关键数据将支持政府努力制定抵抗抵抗危机的政策。支持公司将获得增值知识，以改善其设备和对新市场限制的准备。