FECES-TO-FARM: technologies and molecular tools for controlling the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance from humans to animals while recovering fertilizing nutrients

FECES-TO-FARM：控制抗菌药物耐药性从人类向动物传播的技术和分子工具，同时回收施肥养分

• 批准号: 521349-2018
• 负责人: Frigon, Dominic
• 金额: $ 13.4万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697627
• 关键词: FECES; FARM; technologies; molecular; tools

As the number one global public health problem, the spread of antimicrobial resistance has profound impacts on human health, agriculture, the environment, and global trade. Animal production is a known amplification reservoir of mobile antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), with the food-supply chain likely being a major pathway to humans (FARM-to-FORK pathway). Recent data revealed that differences in ARGs profiles of human and animals correlated with differences in gut microbiomes. Thus, human-associated ARGs released to the environment may return to humans more readily than ARGs not previously associated with human microbiomes. The use of wastewater treatment residual biosolids as fertilizers creates a near direct link between municipal wastewaters and farms transferring human-associated ARGs (FECES-to-FARM pathway). Consequently, recycling nutrients using municipal biosolids may exacerbate the antimicrobial resistance crisis. ARG dynamics during methanogenic anaerobic digestion of biosolids (last treatment before disposal) remain poorly understood, precluding further developments to minimize ARG loads. Our Strategic Project will systematically assess new co-treatments that enhance digestion to determine the optimal ARG removal method. Focusing on reduction mechanisms, co-treatments will be selected either because they inactivate microbes and degrade antimicrobials (i.e., physicochemical treatments) or because they change microbial communities (e.g., extreme pH pre-fermentation). Fluoroquinolones (main antimicrobials in biosolids) will be quantified to evaluate their influence on ARG dynamics, and to provide regulators with novel community-defined lowest observed effect concentrations (LOECs) for setting removal targets. In parallel, our collaboration with the Canadian Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance will identify ARGs that are more abundant in wastewater than in animal excrement to use as FECES-to-FARM monitoring targets. These key data will support governmental efforts to develop policies against the resistance crisis. Supporting companies will gain value-added knowledge to improve their equipments and their readiness for new market constraints.

作为全球第一大公共卫生问题，抗菌素耐药性的蔓延对人类健康、农业、环境和全球贸易产生深远影响。动物生产是已知的移动抗菌素耐药基因 (ARG) 的放大库，食品供应链可能是人类的主要途径（从农场到餐桌途径）。最近的数据显示，人类和动物的 ARG 谱差异与肠道微生物组的差异相关。因此，释放到环境中的与人类相关的 ARG 可能比之前未与人类微生物组相关的 ARG 更容易返回人类体内。使用废水处理残留生物固体作为肥料，在城市废水和转移与人类相关的 ARG 的农场之间建立了近乎直接的联系（FECES-to-FARM 途径）。因此，使用城市生物固体回收营养物质可能会加剧抗菌素耐药性危机。生物固体产甲烷厌氧消化过程中的 ARG 动态（处置前的最后处理）仍然知之甚少，这阻碍了进一步开发以最大限度地减少 ARG 负荷。我们的战略项目将系统地评估增强消化的新协同治疗，以确定最佳的 ARG 去除方法。着眼于减少机制，将选择协同处理，因为它们可以灭活微生物并降解抗菌剂（即物理化学处理），或者因为它们可以改变微生物群落（例如，极端 pH 值预发酵）。氟喹诺酮类药物（生物固体中的主要抗菌剂）将被量化，以评估其对 ARG 动态的影响，并为监管机构提供新的社区定义的最低观察效应浓度 (LOEC)，以设定去除目标。与此同时，我们与加拿大抗菌素耐药性监测机构的合作将确定废水中比动物粪便中更丰富的抗菌素，并将其用作从 FECES 到 FARM 的监测目标。这些关键数据将支持政府制定应对抵抗危机政策的努力。支持公司将获得增值知识，以改进他们的设备并为新的市场限制做好准备。