Photoheterotrophy for economical production of bioplastics from municipal organic waste: Integration of polyphosphate metabolism and P-recovery chemistry to maximize PHA yields

利用城市有机废物经济地生产生物塑料的光异养技术：整合多磷酸盐代谢和磷回收化学，以最大限度地提高 PHA 产量

• 批准号: 521545-2018
• 负责人: Frigon, Dominic
• 金额: $ 12.33万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=693966
• 关键词: Photoheterotrophy; economical; production; bioplastics; municipal

The municipal wastewater and organic solids waste industries are undergoing a resource recovery revolution. Producing useful biomaterials from wastes promises great economic and environment benefits. Important biomaterials to produce include the bioplastic precursor polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the phosphorus (P) mineral carbonate apatite (i.e., phosphate rock) used in fertilizers. We will develop a new highly efficient mixed microbial process harnessing infrared-using photoheterotrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to synthesize PHA and concentrate P; then, to apply crystallization theory for P capture. Current techno-economic studies of PHA production suggest that mixed cultures are more economical than pure cultures fed sterilized feedstocks. Thus, our project will provide cost reduction, and end-product versatility. Our industrial partner will gain new knowledge of PNSB-based disruptive technologies to continue developing future product lines with several market outlets for recovered resources. Canadian wastewater treatment facilities will gain an efficient resource recovery processes adapted to cold winters. Canada would also benefit from a renewable source of P for fertilizer production, as the only Canadian phosphate mine closed in 2013. These new processes will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help Canada meet its sustainability and food security targets. The proposed process will take advantage of the efficient photoherotrophic PNSB metabolism to concentrate phosphate and produce biomass from dilute municipal wastewater. The PNSB biomass grown in wastewater will be enriched for PHA accumulation using a new high intensity illumination method, which will also induce the accumulation of polyphosphate. In a separate step, the polyphosphate will be released from the PNSB and captured by a new carbonate apatite crystallization process. The P-limited biomass will be used for PHA synthesis using volatile fatty acids generated from the fermentation of organic waste. The proposed research will elucidate the proper reactor conditions to maximize the PHA and polyphosphate accumulation metabolisms by PNSB. The project will train a total of 12 HQP: 2 PhD, 3 MEng, 1 postdocs, and 6 undergrads.

城市废水和有机固体废物行业正在经历一场资源回收革命。从废物中生产有用的生物材料有望带来巨大的经济和环境效益。生产的重要生物材料包括生物塑料前体聚羟基脂肪酸酯 (PHA) 和肥料中使用的磷 (P) 矿物碳酸盐磷灰石（即磷矿）。我们将开发一种新的高效混合微生物工艺，利用红外光异养紫色非硫细菌（PNSB）合成PHA并浓缩磷；然后，应用结晶理论进行 P 捕获。目前 PHA 生产的技术经济研究表明，混合培养物比使用灭菌原料的纯培养物更经济。因此，我们的项目将降低成本并提高最终产品的多功能性。我们的工业合作伙伴将获得基于 PNSB 的颠覆性技术的新知识，以继续开发具有多个回收资源市场渠道的未来产品线。加拿大废水处理设施将获得适应寒冷冬季的高效资源回收流程。加拿大还将受益于用于化肥生产的可再生磷资源，因为加拿大唯一的磷矿已于 2013 年关闭。这些新工艺将有助于减少温室气体排放，并帮助加拿大实现其可持续发展和粮食安全目标。 拟议的工艺将利用高效的光合营养 PNSB 代谢来浓缩磷酸盐并从稀释的城市废水中生产生物质。使用新的高强度照明方法，废水中生长的 PNSB 生物质将富集 PHA 积累，这也将诱导聚磷酸盐的积累。在一个单独的步骤中，多磷酸盐将从 PNSB 中释放出来，并通过新的碳酸盐磷灰石结晶过程捕获。限磷生物质将用于使用有机废物发酵产生的挥发性脂肪酸合成 PHA。拟议的研究将阐明适当的反应器条件，以最大限度地提高 PNSB 的 PHA 和多磷酸盐积累代谢。该项目共培养12名高级人才：2名博士、3名硕士、1名博士后、6名本科生。