Advanced Switched Reluctance Machines for Electrified Vehicles

用于电动汽车的先进开关磁阻电机

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05764
• 负责人: Emadi, Ali
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688845
• 关键词: Advanced; Switched; Reluctance; Machines; Electrified

Electrified vehicles are emerging as the next generation of vehicles because electrification is an effective long-term solution for the transportation system to improve sustainability, efficiency, emissions, performance, and safety. Electrified vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), utilize one or more electric machines in their powertrains. ***Electrified vehicles' traction motors are expected to have a wide constant-power speed range and short overloading capability in order to match with the driving conditions. They also need to meet critical industry requirements such as reliability, low cost and weight, low maintenance, and quiet operation. Traction motors should deliver high torque at low speed for starting and hill-climbing conditions and high power to achieve high cruising speeds. Interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines are employed in most of the currently available hybrid and electric vehicles on the market. With the use of high-energy and high-coercivity rare-earth magnets, permanent magnet machines can provide high torque density and smooth operation. However, permanent magnets are sensitive to temperature. This causes a significant limitation on the operation of the machine in harsh environments. In addition, rare-earth magnets take up a significant portion of the total cost of the traction motor. When compared with the conventional vehicles, the high cost of the traction motors for electrified vehicles currently presents a challenge for their mass-production and increased market penetration. ***Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) do not employ any permanent magnets or conductors on the rotor. Therefore, they can operate in harsh environmental conditions and at high-speeds and high temperatures. The structure of SRMs enables a wide constant-power speed range, which matches very well with the traction requirements. Due to its simple construction, manufacturing cost of SRMs is significantly lower than the permanent magnet machines. Most significant challenges in SRMs are high torque ripple and high levels of acoustic noise and vibration. In addition, the machine demonstrates a highly nonlinear behavior due to saturation in various parts of the stator and rotor cores. This creates a challenge in terms of torque control and state estimation. Furthermore, highly saturated operating conditions can affect the efficiency of the motor. ***This proposed research program is focused on a novel family of SRMs with improved power density, efficiency, and performance for electrified vehicles. The proposed family of SRMs involves novel motor configurations with various stator and rotor pole combinations and advanced control techniques to improve the torque- and power-density and performance of the motor with reduced torque ripples, acoustic noise, and vibration. **

电气化车辆正在成为下一代车辆，因为电气化是运输系统的有效长期解决方案，以提高可持续性，效率，排放，性能和安全性。电动汽车，包括电动汽车（EV），混合动力汽车（HEV）和插电式混合动力汽车（PHEVS），在动力总成中使用一台或多台电动机。 ***电动车辆的牵引电动机有望具有较大的恒定速度范围和短载功能，以便与驾驶条件相匹配。他们还需要满足关键行业要求，例如可靠性，低成本和体重，低维护和安静的运营。牵引电动机应以低速提供高扭矩，以实现起步和攀爬的条件以及高功率，以实现高巡航速度。市场上大多数可用的混合动力和电动汽车都使用了内部永久磁铁（IPM）同步机。通过使用高能量和高恢复性稀土磁铁，永久磁铁机可以提供高扭矩密度和光滑的操作。但是，永久磁铁对温度敏感。这对机器在恶劣环境中的操作产生了重大限制。此外，稀土磁铁占据了牵引电机总成本的很大一部分。与常规车辆相比，电气车辆的牵引电机的高成本目前对其批量生产和市场渗透率的挑战提出了挑战。 ***开关不情愿机器（SRMS）在转子上不使用任何永久磁铁或导体。因此，它们可以在恶劣的环境条件以及高速和高温下运行。 SRM的结构可实现较宽的恒定速度范围，这与牵引要求非常匹配。由于其简单的结构，SRMS的制造成本明显低于永久磁铁机。 SRM中最重要的挑战是高扭矩波纹和高水平的声学噪声和振动。此外，由于定子和转子芯的各个部分饱和，机器表现出高度非线性的行为。这在扭矩控制和状态估计方面构成了挑战。此外，高度饱和的工作条件会影响电动机的效率。 ***该提出的研究计划集中在一个新型的SRM家族上，其电动车辆的功率密度，效率和性能提高。提议的SRM家族涉及具有各种定子和转子杆组合以及高级控制技术的新型电机配置，以改善电动机的扭矩密度和性能，并具有降低的扭矩波纹，声音噪声和振动。 **