Exploration of new approaches to microbial typing and phenotypic characterization based on Fourier transform infrared and high-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and the development of active packaging employing natural antimicrobials

基于傅里叶变换红外和高分辨率魔角旋转核磁共振波谱探索微生物分型和表型表征的新方法以及采用天然抗菌剂的活性包装的开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-07277
• 负责人: Ismail, Ashraf
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682361
• 关键词: Exploration; new; approaches; microbial; typing

The first facet of the proposed Discovery Grant research will be directed toward the exploration of the discriminatory nature between closely related bacterial strains based on differences in their Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR and mass spectrometry with a focus on their application to microbial typing, outbreak detection and biomarker discovery. In our work, these capabilities are being exploited to develop rapid methods for identification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), which are among the most prevalent causes of healthcare-associated infections, and identification of emerging multi-drug resistant clinical yeast isolates such as Candida auris. This work is being conducted through collaborative studies with Health Canada, the Quebec clinical surveillance agency and multiple hospitals across Quebec. With regards to foodborne illness, ongoing efforts, in collaboration with researchers at Health Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), is aimed at studying the effect of genetic variability of pathogenic E. coli pathotypes (associated with foodborne illness) to its virulence by whole genome sequencing and FTIR spectroscopy. Our work initially entails acquisition of a large spectral datasets from of microorganisms for the creation of spectral databases containing large numbers of FTIR, 1H and 31P HRMAS NMR and mass spectrometry (MS) spectra of well-characterized strains and extracting the discriminatory spectral information by applying feature-selection algorithms in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis techniques. A major objective of the proposed research is to develop new strategies directed toward elucidation of the specific biochemical differences underlying the spectral differences among particular bacterial strains. It is anticipated that the results of the proposed research will advance biomarker discovery not only in our work on microbial identification and classification but also in the rapidly evolving field of microbial typing and may aid in the development of new antibiotics that can treat the rising levels of antibiotic nosocomial infections resulting in hospital outbreaks. The second facet of the proposed research will focus on the exploration of proteins in combination of selected polysaccharides as components of biodegradable films and embedding the films with natural antimicrobials to retard microbial growth of fresh and minimally processed foods. The proposed research focuses on the application of infrared imaging microscopy to study the distribution, migration rates of natural antimicrobials in biodegradable films in relation to enhancing their potential use in active packaging. *****

拟议的发现资助研究的第一方面将基于傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、高分辨率魔角旋转（HRMAS）核磁共振和质谱的差异，探索密切相关的细菌菌株之间的歧视性质重点关注其在微生物分型、疫情检测和生物标志物发现方面的应用。在我们的工作中，这些能力被用来开发快速方法来鉴定耐抗生素细菌，例如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 和耐万古霉素肠球菌 (VRE)，这些细菌是医疗保健相关的最常见原因之一。感染，以及新兴多重耐药临床酵母分离株（例如耳念珠菌）的鉴定。这项工作是通过与加拿大卫生部、魁北克临床监测机构和魁北克省多家医院的合作研究进行的。关于食源性疾病，与加拿大卫生部和加拿大食品检验局 (CFIA) 的研究人员合作，正在进行的努力旨在研究致病性大肠杆菌致病型（与食源性疾病相关）的遗传变异对其毒力的影响通过全基因组测序和 FTIR 光谱。我们的工作最初需要从微生物中获取大量光谱数据集，以创建包含大量特征良好菌株的 FTIR、1H 和 31P HRMAS NMR 和质谱 (MS) 光谱的光谱数据库，并通过应用提取有区别的光谱信息特征选择算法与多元统计分析技术相结合。拟议研究的一个主要目标是开发新策略，旨在阐明特定细菌菌株之间光谱差异背后的特定生化差异。预计所提出的研究结果将不仅在我们的微生物鉴定和分类工作中，而且在快速发展的微生物分型领域中推进生物标志物的发现，并可能有助于开发新的抗生素，以治疗不断上升的细菌水平。抗生素院内感染导致医院暴发。拟议研究的第二个方面将侧重于探索与选定的多糖相结合的蛋白质作为可生物降解薄膜的成分，并在薄膜中嵌入天然抗菌剂，以阻止新鲜和最低加工食品的微生物生长。拟议的研究重点是应用红外成像显微镜来研究可生物降解薄膜中天然抗菌剂的分布和迁移率，以增强其在活性包装中的潜在用途。 *****