Electrochemical and Analytical Studies of Corroding and Reactive Surfaces

腐蚀和反应表面的电化学和分析研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06556
• 负责人: Shoesmith, David
• 金额: $ 7.29万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=665090
• 关键词: Electrochemical; Analytical; Studies; Corroding; Reactive

Corrosion of materials is a major industrial and environmental issue with safety, environmental and major cost issues. The susceptibility of industrial materials to corrosion depends on a mixture of chemical, metallurgical and environmental factors. Localized corrosion (pitting, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking) is particularly insidious since, while very little corrosion occurs, it is highly focussed at chemically and metallurgically vulnerable locations and can lead rapidly to structural failures. This makes it essential to understand both the corrosion mechanism and how the properties of the material influence damage distribution. The study of such processes requires a multidisciplinary approach involving chemical, metallurgical, physical and engineering techniques. The general goals of this research are to investigate the features that dictate susceptibility to localized corrosion, to determine how corrosion damage would be distributed, and to investigate the processes that might eventually lead to repassivation and the prevention of corrosion. Experimental techniques ranging from those able to resolve the mechanistic details of surface reactions at the atomic level to those able to determine the extent and location of materials damage over the scale of nanometers to centimeters will be applied. These techniques will range from electrochemical and surface analytical to analytical and microscopic. *With these goals in mind the following areas will be studied. (a) The properties of the oxide films on which metals rely for passivity will be investigated with an emphasis on nickel-chromium-molybdenum superalloys. A combination of electrochemical, X-ray photoelectron and Auger spectroscopic, and time-of flight secondary ion mass spectrometric techniques will be used. (b) The factors influencing the evolution of crevice corrosion damage on Ni superalloys will be studied using Raman spectroscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. (c) The development and application of microscopic techniques (especially electron backscatter diffraction and atomic probe field-ion microscopy) will be undertaken to characterize corrosion controlling physical and chemical processes. (d) Key properties of oxide films and their metal substrates which are unavailable by other techniques will be determined using an in-situ combination of electrochemistry and neutron reflectometry. These properties include the dielectric constant, absolute film thickness and hydrogen content. Studies will concentrate on titanium and zirconium, the latter being an important in-reactor nuclear material. (d) The corrosion mechanisms occurring on gas transmission pipelines in sulphide-containing aqueous environments will be studied electrochemically using in-situ Raman spectroscopy. The primary goal is to determine how film properties change with the various pipeline exposure conditions.

材料腐蚀是一个重大的工业和环境问题，涉及安全、环境和重大成本问题。工业材料对腐蚀的敏感性取决于化学、冶金和环境因素。局部腐蚀（点蚀、缝隙腐蚀、应力腐蚀开裂）特别隐蔽，因为虽然很少发生腐蚀，但它高度集中在化学和冶金脆弱的位置，并可能迅速导致结构故障。这使得了解腐蚀机制以及材料特性如何影响损伤分布变得至关重要。对此类过程的研究需要采用涉及化学、冶金、物理和工程技术的多学科方法。这项研究的总体目标是研究决定局部腐蚀敏感性的特征，确定腐蚀损伤如何分布，并研究可能最终导致重新钝化和预防腐蚀的过程。将应用从能够在原子水平上解析表面反应的机械细节的实验技术到能够确定纳米到厘米尺度上材料损伤的程度和位置的实验技术。这些技术的范围从电化学和表面分析到分析和微观。 *考虑到这些目标，将研究以下领域。 (a) 将研究金属赖以钝化的氧化膜的性能，重点是镍铬钼高温合金。将结合使用电化学、X 射线光电子和俄歇光谱以及飞行时间二次离子质谱技术。 (b) 将使用拉曼光谱和共焦激光扫描显微镜研究影响镍高温合金缝隙腐蚀损伤演变的因素。 (c) 将开发和应用显微技术（特别是电子背散射衍射和原子探针场离子显微镜）来表征腐蚀控制物理和化学过程。 (d) 将使用电化学和中子反射测量法的原位组合来确定其他技术无法获得的氧化膜及其金属基底的关键特性。这些特性包括介电常数、绝对膜厚度和氢含量。研究将集中在钛和锆上，后者是重要的反应堆内核材料。 (d) 将利用原位拉曼光谱法对含硫化物水环境中输气管道发生的腐蚀机制进行电化学研究。主要目标是确定薄膜特性如何随各种管道暴露条件而变化。