Advanced materials development for safer energy pipelines

先进材料开发使能源管道更安全

• 批准号: 474552-2014
• 负责人: Shoesmith, David
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=598902
• 关键词: Advanced; materials; development; safer; energy

Compromise of a material's structural integrity caused by corrosion is a common problem in industrial applications that require metals to be exposed to chemical environments. Depending on the metal's industrial in-service use, different forms of corrosion exist and, depending on the exposure environment, some may be more deleterious than others; for example, corrosion localized within an occluded region (i.e., under gaskets) compared to uniform corrosion on an entirely exposed alloy surface. Because of its insidious nature, localized corrosion may be difficult to identify and corrosion rates are usually only estimates since the electrochemical properties of the actively corroding region are difficult to measure. Within the oil and gas industry the most damaging form of localized corrosion is Stress-Corrosion Cracking (SCC), which is encountered in pipelines that are subjected to an applied stress while exposed to a corrosive chemical environment. SCC's impact on pipeline degradation will be investigated by replicating experimentally the combination of stress and chemical environments anticipated on in-service pipelines in Canada. Experimental resources from NOVA Chemicals (Calgary AB and Sarnia ON) and Western University (London ON) will be utilized to pursue this goal. The machining of experimental samples from previously in-service pipelines will be performed by NOVA. Researchers at Western University will characterize steel compositions and microstructures using the advanced surface analytical techniques available at Surface Science Western and in the Department of Earth Sciences. NOVA will then apply a stress load using a mechanical testing system while simultaneously monitoring the electrochemical conditions, on the pre-analyzed surface, in simulated groundwater. After chemical/mechanical exposure, researchers at Western will re-examine the pre-analyzed corroded surface to determine which microstructural properties are most susceptible to the initiation and growth of stress-induced cracks. Quantification of SCC degradation rates for different commercial steel microstructures will facilitate the development of the new alloy designs required for a safer energy pipeline infrastructure in Canada.

在需要金属暴露于化学环境的工业应用中，腐蚀引起的材料结构完整性受损是一个常见问题。根据金属的工业使用情况，存在不同形式的腐蚀，并且根据暴露环境，某些腐蚀可能比其他腐蚀更有害；例如，与完全暴露的合金表面上的均匀腐蚀相比，腐蚀集中在闭塞区域内（即垫圈下方）。由于其隐蔽性，局部腐蚀可能难以识别，并且腐蚀速率通常只能估计，因为活跃腐蚀区域的电化学特性难以测量。在石油和天然气行业中，最具破坏性的局部腐蚀形式是应力腐蚀开裂 (SCC)，这种情况发生在暴露于腐蚀性化学环境时承受外加应力的管道中。将通过实验复制加拿大在役管道上预期的应力和化学环境组合来研究 SCC 对管道退化的影响。 NOVA Chemicals（卡尔加里 AB 和萨尼亚安大略省）和西方大学（安大略省伦敦）的实验资源将用于实现这一目标。 NOVA 将对之前投入使用的管道中的实验样品进行加工。西部大学的研究人员将利用西部表面科学和地球科学系提供的先进表面分析技术来表征钢的成分和微观结构。然后，NOVA 将使用机械测试系统施加应力负载，同时监测模拟地下水中预分析表面的电化学条件。化学/机械暴露后，西方大学的研究人员将重新检查预先分析的腐蚀表面，以确定哪些微观结构特性最容易受到应力引起的裂纹的萌生和增长的影响。对不同商业钢微观结构的 SCC 降解率进行量化将有助于开发加拿大更安全的能源管道基础设施所需的新合金设计。