EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE REMEDIATION BY THE USE OF NOVEL ECO-PROCESSES AND EMERGING GENOMIC TOOLS

通过使用新型生态过程和新兴基因组工具有效实施可持续修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04284
• 负责人: GalvezCloutier, Rosa
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=651465
• 关键词: EFFECTIVE; IMPLEMENTATION; SUSTAINABLE; REMEDIATION; USE

Contaminated sites are ubiquitous in Canada with the Federal registry listing 23,078 sites. Increasingly recurrent environmental emergencies involving unconventional oils such as Lac Mégantic's train derailment (Quebec) or pipeline leaks (Only in Alberta, 15609 leaks occurred between 1990 and 2012 - not including recent major spills in Peace, Slave and N. Saskatchewan rivers) provide evidence that contamination, with toxic compounds of vast water bodies and lands, results in enormous environmental damage and loss of ecological services e.g. source of drinking water. Biotreatments (aerobic biodegradation and phytoremediation) are favored remediation techniques. However, these techniques are applied as closed boxes not considering contaminant specificities or micro-organisms' functions or factors of importance to Canadian context. This results in poor remediation efficiency, residual toxicity due to unknown degradation byproducts preventing the re-use or recycling of treated soils and sediments. This research program will offer solutions by developing innovative in-situ ecotoxicity assessment protocols and tools and enhanced tiered biotreatments designed with assistance of genomic information. These advances in knowledge and tools developments are critically needed and when applied the outcomes will result in higher economic, technical and environmental benefits. The program will tackle specific families of contaminants present in Canadian sites, some emerging, namely: unconventional petroleum hydrocarbons (Dilbit and Bakken) –PHs– (mono, polycyclic aromatics; MAH and PAH, respectively, with accent on toxic alkyl-PAHs); trace metals –TMs – (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu) and transition metals –TRMs – (Hg, Va) present in unconventional oils; the highly toxic platinum-group elements PGEs – (Pt, Pd) which are present in all hazardous substances transportation pipelines/train cars and reservoirs, and Salts (Cl, SO4) from unconventional oils or winter road de-icing as they are widely found in high concentrations and affect site remediation. The originality of this research program is high and includes multiple aspects: 1) consideration of multiple ecotoxicity sources and cumulative effects in the design of monitoring and remedial actions; 2) use of emergent genomic tools to obtain key bioprocess information and enhance biotreatments; 3) study of emerging contaminants (alkyl-PAHs, Pt, Pd) and influence and attenuation of salts in remedial inhibition. It will also promote the emerging field of Integrative Remediation Engineering. An elevated number of HQP will be trained with advanced and innovative scientific and technical tools, promoting the exportation of Canadian know-how and know-do expertise in a crucial sector of importance to Canada and the world.******

受污染的地点在加拿大随处可见，联邦登记处列出了 23,078 个涉及非常规石油的环境紧急情况，例如梅冈蒂克湖的火车脱轨（魁北克）或管道泄漏（仅在阿尔伯塔省，1990 年至 2012 年间发生了 15609 起泄漏事件 - 不包括最近发生的重大泄漏事件）。皮斯河、奴隶河和北萨斯喀彻温河发生泄漏）证据表明，大量水体和土地的有毒化合物污染会导致巨大的环境破坏和生态服务的损失，例如生物处理（需氧生物降解和植物修复）是受欢迎的修复技术。封闭的盒子没有考虑污染物的特异性或微生物的功能或对加拿大环境的重要因素，这导致修复效率低下，并且由于未知的降解副产物而导致残留毒性。该研究计划将通过开发创新的原位生态毒性评估方案和工具以及在基因组信息的帮助下设计的增强的分层生物处理来提供解决方案。应用后，该计划将带来更高的经济、技术和环境效益，该计划将解决加拿大场地中存在的特定污染物系列，其中一些是新兴污染物，即：非常规石油碳氢化合物（迪尔比特和巴肯）–PHs–。 （单环芳烃、多环芳烃；分别为 MAH 和 PAH，重点关注有毒烷基 PAH）；非常规油类；所有有害物质运输管道/火车车厢和水库中都存在的剧毒铂族元素 PGE（Pt、Pd）以及盐类（Cl、 SO4）来自非常规油类或冬季道路除冰，因为它们广泛存在，浓度较高，影响场地修复。本研究方案的原创性很高，包括多个方面：1）设计中考虑了多种生态毒性来源和累积效应。监测和补救措施；2) 使用新兴基因组工具获取关键生物过程信息并加强生物处理；3) 研究新出现的污染物（烷基多环芳烃、铂、钯）及其影响和影响它还将促进综合修复工程这一新兴领域的发展。更多的 HQP 将接受先进和创新的科学技术工具的培训，从而促进加拿大在这方面的专业知识和专业知识的输出。对加拿大和世界都至关重要的重要部门。 *****