Heart-lung interactions and the effect on cardiac and vascular mechanics

心肺相互作用及其对心脏和血管力学的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04541
• 负责人: Eves, Neil
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=650355
• 关键词: Heart; lung; interactions; effect; cardiac

The heart, lungs and blood vessels are all connected and are critical to maintain blood pressure and blood flow for the delivery of oxygen and fuel to the organs and working muscles. Historically, researchers have used animal and human experiments to look at how changes in the lungs may affect the heart, primarily through mechanical changes in pressure and with forced breaths in or out. In contrast, a long-term goal of our laboratory is to enhance understanding of how the lungs, heart and blood vessels interact during spontaneous breathing and to examine how a change in one or more of these critical systems influence the mechanical and functional properties of the others. My laboratory and trainees have previously investigated fundamental aspects of how changes in negative pressures that occur in the chest, changes in lung volumes and changes in the size of blood vessels within our lungs influence the heart and the blood flow it generates. However, little is currently known regarding how the heart mechanically responds to these stressors, whether blood flow within the blood vessels effect how they function and whether changes in our blood vessels alter how the heart and lungs interact when they also impose a separate load to the heart. Utilizing sophisticated imaging techniques that allow us to look at how the heart rotates to fill and contract, we will examine how the mechanics of the heart respond to stressors imposed by the lungs and blood vessels. Furthermore, we will utilize a series of studies that alter: 1) the amount of blood in the heart, 2) the ability of the heart to contract and increase heart rate and 3) the load that the blood vessels place on the heart to try and determine the specific mechanisms by which the heart mechanically adjusts to different physiological changes within the lungs. The proposed research will greatly enhance our knowledge of how three essential systems work together and how the heart mechanically accommodates physiological stresses imposed from the lungs and blood vessels. Through these studies we also hope to identify potential new mechanisms that contribute to the changes in heart and blood vessels that occur when the human body is chronically challenged, as well as provide a high-quality learning environment for graduate students to enhance their training in human biology.

心脏，肺和血管都连接，对于维持血压和血液流动至关重要，以便向器官和工作肌肉输送氧气和燃料。 从历史上看，研究人员已经使用动物和人类实验来研究肺的变化如何影响心脏，主要是通过压力的机械变化以及强迫呼吸进出。相比之下，我们实验室的一个长期目标是增强对肺，心脏和血管在自发呼吸过程中如何相互作用的理解，并研究其中一个或多个关键系统的变化如何影响其他关键系统的机械和功能性能。我的实验室和学员先前已经调查了胸部发生的负压变化，肺部体积的变化以及我们肺内血管大小的变化会影响心脏及其产生的血液流动的基本方面。然而，目前，关于心脏如何机械反应这些压力源，血管内的血液流动是否影响它们的功能以及我们的血管中的变化是否会改变心脏和肺部也对心脏施加单独的负载时的相互作用方式。利用复杂的成像技术，使我们能够研究心脏如何旋转以填充和收缩的方式，我们将研究心脏力学对肺和血管施加的压力源的反应。此外，我们将利用一系列改变的研究：1）心脏中的血液量，2）心脏收缩和增加心率的能力以及3）血管在心脏上放置的负载，以尝试确定心脏在肺部机械地适应不同生理变化的特定机制。拟议的研究将大大增强我们对三个基本系统如何共同工作以及心脏如何机械适应肺和血管施加的生理压力的知识。通过这些研究，我们还希望确定潜在的新机制，这些机制有助于当人体长期挑战时发生的心脏和血管变化，并为研究生提供高质量的学习环境，以增强他们在人类生物学方面的培训。