The Integrative Effect of Changes in Intrathoracic Pressure on Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Function.

胸内压变化对心脑血管功能的综合影响。

• 批准号: 371950-2013
• 负责人: Eves, Neil
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572849
• 关键词: Integrative; Effect; Changes; Intrathoracic; Pressure

Changes in pressures within the chest cavity (intrathoracic pressure) made during breathing can alter how the heart fills and empties by placing different challenges to the right and left sides of the heart. As the lungs, heart and brain circulation are all in series, changes in intrathoracic pressure will not only influence blood flow in the heart and lungs but may also alter brain blood flow through changes in arterial inflow, pressure within the skull and venous outflow. To our knowledge, this important interaction between three intrinsically linked systems has never been studied and changes in intrathoracic pressure could have significant implications beyond the lungs and heart, especially during challenges to the body's natural physiological balance (homeostasis). The aim of this program of research is to simultaneously measure intrathoracic pressure, heart filling and emptying, brain blood flow as well as blood flow into and out of the brain and examine how changes in intrathoracic pressure simultaneously alter these systems. Additionally, we will alter homeostasis with a variety of challenges including blood volume loading and changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels within the blood. As such, there is considerable novelty alone in investigating how all three of these systems interact during any physiological stimulus. To date there have been few studies that have investigated how changes in intrathoracic pressure affect cardiac function especially when the body is fluid loaded or there are changes to blood gases i.e. low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. Additionally, no study has systematically investigated how intrathoracic pressure effects brain blood flow. Therefore, the combination of the three systems approach will add considerably to our present knowledge in this important area of mechanical factors that affect blood flow regulation in humans.

在呼吸过程中胸腔内部压力（胸腔压力）内部的压力变化会通过将不同的挑战在心脏的左右两侧施加不同的挑战来改变心脏填补和排空的方式。 由于肺，心脏和脑循环都串联，胸腔压力的变化不仅会影响心脏和肺部的血液流动，而且可能会通过动脉流入的变化，头骨内的压力和静脉流出来改变脑血流。据我们所知，从未研究过三个本质上联系系统之间的这种重要相互作用，胸内压力的变化可能会产生肺部和心脏以外的重大影响，尤其是在人体自然生理平衡的挑战期间（体内平衡）。 这项研究计划的目的是同时测量胸前压力，心脏充满和排空，脑血流以及血液流入和流出大脑，并检查胸前压力的变化如何同时改变这些系统。 此外，我们将改变体内平衡，包括各种挑战，包括血液体积负荷以及血液中氧气和二氧化碳水平的变化。因此，仅研究在任何生理刺激期间这三个系统如何相互作用时，就有很大的新颖性。迄今为止，很少有研究研究了胸前压力的变化如何影响心脏功能，尤其是当人体液体负载或血液气体发生变化时，即低氧气和高二氧化碳水平。 此外，没有研究系统地研究了胸内压力如何影响脑血流。 因此，在影响人类血流调节的机械因素的这一重要领域，这三种系统方法的组合将大大增加我们当前的知识。