Diversity and ecosystem functions of boreal forest under global changes

全球变化下北方森林的多样性和生态系统功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04181
• 负责人: Chen, Han
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=647331
• 关键词: Diversity; ecosystem; functions; boreal; forest

Climate and land-use changes are the two greatest stressors for global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem function. Understanding the impacts of climate land-use changes on biodiversity and ecosystem function is central to the theoretical advances in environmental sciences and to mitigation and adaption strategies of human society. My long-term goal is to understand how and why climate and land-use changes affect the diversity and function of Canada's boreal forests. One promising approach is to use natural experiments to understand the mechanisms leading to the changes in biodiversity and function of real ecosystems. In the next five years, by combining long-term repeatedly measured forest plots over large geographic areas in Canada with carefully designed sampling of natural experiments, I will identify the mechanisms responsible for the changes in diversity and function of Canada's boreal forests. My specific aims are to investigate how and why (i) global climate change impacts boreal forest biomass carbon function, tree species diversity, and the relationship between diversity and function. In particular, I will address whether species diversity mitigates negative impacts of climate change (increased drought and insect outbreaks) and/or enhances positive effects such as nitrogen deposition and rising CO2 on carbon function; (ii) species diversity effects on belowground function may differ with stand development; (iii) post-fire salvage logging affects tree regeneration, plant species diversity and carbon function. The proposed work will advance our knowledge of human influences on boreal forests and will train several HQP in the era of rapid climate and land-use changes. Our results are likely to be of great importance in understanding the impact of the two greatest ecosystem stressors on boreal ecosystems and in helping society to develop mitigation and adaptation strategies.

气候和土地利用变化是全球陆地生物多样性和生态系统功能的两个最大压力。了解气候土地利用变化对生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响对于环境科学的理论进步以及人类社会的缓解和适应策略至关重要。我的长期目标是了解气候和土地利用变化如何以及为什么会影响加拿大北方森林的多样性和功能。一种有希望的方法是使用自然实验来了解导致实际生态系统生物多样性和功能变化的机制。在接下来的五年中，通过将加拿大大地理区域的长期测量的森林地块与精心设计的自然实验相结合，我将确定负责加拿大北方森林多样性和功能变化的机制。我的具体目的是研究（i）全球气候变化如何以及为什么影响北方森林生物量碳功能，树种多样性以及多样性与功能之间的关系。特别是，我将解决物种多样性是否减轻气候变化的负面影响（干旱和昆虫暴发）和/或增强积极影响，例如氮沉积和二氧化碳对碳功能的上升； （ii）物种多样性对地下功能的影响可能随着展位发育而有所不同； （iii）射击后打捞记录会影响树木再生，植物物种多样性和碳功能。拟议的工作将提高我们对人类对北方森林的影响的了解，并将在快速气候和土地利用变化的时代培训几个HQP。我们的结果对于理解两个最大的生态系统压力源对北方生态系统的影响以及帮助社会制定缓解和适应策略的影响非常重要。