Plant-mycorrhizal fungal interaction networks: understanding their role in the resilience and adaptation of forests to climate change

植物-菌根真菌相互作用网络：了解它们在森林对气候变化的恢复和适应中的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04259
• 负责人: Simard, Suzanne
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614946
• 关键词: Plant; mycorrhizal; fungal; interaction; networks

Enhancing regeneration of forests that are productive and resilient to perturbations will be a crucial strategy in Canada’s efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Resilient forests are characterized by above and belowground species diversity, healthy biotic and abiotic interactions, and connectivity, thus enabling them to resist damage and recover quickly from disturbance. However, ecological theory that aboveground competition is the dominant mechanism driving resource uptake, species coexistence, productivity and other forest ecological processes, is hindering the development of novel applications for increasing the resilience and adaptive capacity of regenerating forests. Lacking is an understanding of how facilitation by mutualists, in particular mycorrhizal fungi and the belowground networks they form among trees, influences tree behaviour and consequences for forest ecosystems. The underlying premise of this research is that resilience and adaptive capacity of forests is rooted in the balance of positive and negative above- and belowground interactions among species. Within this framework, I will focus on (i) outcomes, (ii) mechanisms and (iii) drivers of these interactions in forest ecosystems. Over the next five years, I will meet four short-term objectives: 1. Test whether forest responses to climate change are dependent upon competitive and facilitative interactions among trees mediated by mycorrhizal networks, roots, and root-shoot relations; 2. Determine whether climate, tree relatedness and tree stress influence mycorrhizal network effects on tree behavior and forest structure; 3. Investigate how above and belowground legacies affect the plurality of interactions and resilience of forests to climate stress and disturbance; 4. Integrate understanding of shoot, root and fungal interaction effects on forest structure and function with theory that forest ecosystems behave as complex adaptive systems. To meet these objectives, I will train and mentor HQP at the MSc, PhD and PDF levels in science and professional skills, building on my strong track record. The research will include experimental manipulations in the field and greenhouse; natural experiments across environmental gradients; plant and fungal ecophysiology; molecular tools; statistical and structural equation modeling; and development of concepts and theory. This proposal tests basic ecological theory, but it has broad practical implications for management of forests in Canada and world-wide. This is evidenced by wide applications of my ongoing research on species interactions in today’s forest harvesting and reforestation practices and policies in western Canada, as well as numerous speaking invitations in the public and private forest sectors. This DG will not cover applications directly, but these will be addressed through ongoing collaborations over the next five years.

在加拿大，森林的再生将是减轻和气候变化的关键策略。其他森林生态过程正在阻碍新的应用程序，以唱歌的恢复能力和自适应能力。森林的自适应圈养是基于在该框架中的正上方和下方的平衡。 在接下来的五年中，遇到了四个短期目标： 1。Torks，roots和root射击关系； 2.确定气候，树木的关系和树应激压力是否影响树木行为和森林结构的燃烧性。 3.研究地下遗产如何影响森林对气候压力和干扰的多种相互作用和弹性； 4。整合对森林结构和森林生态系统的芽，根和真菌相互作用的理解。 为了满足目标，我将在MSC，PDF级别的科学和专业技能上进行培训结构方程建模； 该提案通过我在加拿大Tern的最新收获和reforestatis和政策以及许多讲话的私人和私人森林领域进行的最广泛的收获和政策进行了广泛的应用。