Novel forestry practices for mitigating global change: investigating effects of legacy trees on plant-soil microbial networks, carbon cycling and forest recovery

减缓全球变化的新型林业实践：调查遗留树木对植物-土壤微生物网络、碳循环和森林恢复的影响

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2022-03502
负责人：
Simard, Suzanne
金额：
$ 2.91万
依托单位：
University of British Columbia
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753556
关键词：
Novel forestry practices mitigating global

项目摘要

Canada's forests are being disturbed at unprecedented rates because of harvesting and climate change. Clearcutting followed by reassembly with fast-growing, species-poor plantations dominates forest practices, but shortcomings are evident in plantation failures and altered disturbance regimes. While competition remains central to ecology and evolution, as well as resource management, a more holistic theory recognizing the multiplicity of interactions would improve our ability to regenerate forests with greater biodiversity, carbon storage, and adaptive capacity. Recognizing ecosystems as such dynamic networks of interactions, as framed by complex adaptive systems theory, has promise for improving how we view and steward forests. My program will continue to investigate plant-microbe-soil interactions in forests. A key discovery has been that mycorrhizal networks linking trees mediate interactions between residual trees and regenerating seedlings. This has been integral in the design of the Mother Tree Project, an NSERC-funded experiment that compares effects of legacy tree retention levels on forest recovery across a 900 km-long climatic gradient of Douglas-fir forests in British Columbia. The overall goal herein is to use the Mother Tree framework to investigate the role of competitive and facilitative interactions between legacy trees and regenerating seedlings in forest resilience as climate changes. The underlying premise is that resilience is rooted in the balance of interactions among species, in keeping with complex adaptive systems theory. Over the next five years, I will meet three objectives: 1. Determine how climate and harvesting regimes affect competitive and facilitative interactions between legacy trees and regenerating seedlings, and how these influence the assembly of plant, fungal and microbial communities; 2. Understand how the assembly of these communities affect carbon and nutrient cycling; 3. Integrate new understanding of interactions into harvesting and regeneration strategies to augment carbon storage, biodiversity and forest recovery under changing climatic conditions. To meet these objectives, I will train HQP at the undergraduate, MSc, PhD and PDF levels. This will involve not only training in scientific research, but also mentoring for cultural, professional and personal intelligences, including building collaborative relationships, problem solving, critical thinking, and communication. I will build on my strong track-record of HQP training as evidenced in my graduates, publications and earlier CREATE program. This research tests classic ecological theory, but has practical implications for forests in Canada and world-wide. My previous research has already started changing forest management as well as carbon and biodiversity conservation practices and policies in western Canada. I anticipate continued success over the next five years as new understandings emerging from this research and reach the public sphere.

由于收获和气候变化，加拿大的森林以空前的速度受到干扰。清晰切割，然后重新组装，物种贫乏的种植园主要占主导地位，但在种植园失败和改变干扰方案中的缺点是显而易见的。尽管竞争仍然是生态和进化的核心以及资源管理，但认识到互动的多样性的更整体理论将提高我们具有更大的生物多样性，碳存储和自适应能力的森林的能力。由复杂的自适应系统理论构成的那样，将生态系统识别为这种动态的交互网络，有望改善我们的看法和管家森林。我的计划将继续研究森林中的植物 - 微生土壤相互作用。一个关键的发现是，连接树木的菌根网络介导残留的树木和再生幼苗之间的相互作用。这在母树项目的设计中是不可或缺的，这是一项由NSERC资助的实验，它比较了遗产树保留水平对不列颠哥伦比亚省道格拉斯 - 费尔森林900公里长的气候梯度的森林恢复的影响。本文的总体目标是利用母树框架来研究旧树木之间竞争性和促进性相互作用的作用，并随着气候变化而在森林弹性中重生的幼苗。基本的前提是弹性植根于物种之间的相互作用平衡，与复杂的自适应系统理论保持一致。在接下来的五年中，我将遇到三个目标：1。确定气候和收获制度如何影响旧树和再生幼苗之间的竞争和促进性相互作用，以及这些如何影响植物，真菌和微生物群落的组装； 2.了解这些社区的组装如何影响碳和营养循环； 3。将对相互作用的新了解纳入收获和再生策略，以增加碳储存，生物多样性和森林在不断变化的气候条件下的回收。为了实现这些目标，我将在本科，MSC，PhD和PDF级别的HQP培训HQP。这不仅涉及科学研究的培训，还涉及文化，专业和个人智能的指导，包括建立协作关系，解决问题，批判性思维和沟通。我将在我的HQP培训的强大赛道上建立，这在我的毕业生，出版物和更早的创建计划中得到了证明。这项研究测试了经典的生态理论，但对加拿大和全球的森林具有实际意义。我以前的研究已经开始改变森林管理，以及加拿大西部的碳和生物多样性保护实践和政策。我预计在未来五年中，随着这项研究的出现并到达公共领域，我将继续取得成功。