Scaling up from local plant - plant and plant-soil relationships to landscape level patterns of diversity and process

从当地植物-植物和植物-土壤关系扩展到景观层面的多样性和过程模式

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06577
• 负责人: Lamb, Eric
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614229
• 关键词: Scaling; up; local; plant; soil

My research program investigates how plant-plant and plant-soil interactions structure plant and soil community diversity and composition. My objectives for this grant are to 1) investigate how local-scale plant-microbial relationships interact with large scale abiotic and climate factors to structure landscape-level patterns in plant and soil microbial communities, and 2) to disentangle the mechanisms underlying fine-scale plant rooting patterns, particularly the roles of soil nutrient heterogeneity and plant root competition. Plant-plant and plant-soil interactions are fundamentally local, occurring at scales of millimetres to centimetres. These fine-scale processes are well studied, yet comparatively little is known about how they influence broad-scale patterns in plant and soil communities. Scaling up to landscapes is challenging because many interacting ecological mechanisms need to be assessed. I propose to link the local scale of direct plant-soil relationships to community patterns and processes at scales ranging from the local plant community, mid-scale factors such as herbivory and topography, and landscape-scale factors such as climate and soil parent material. Spatial structural equation modeling will allow me to evaluate how the relative strength and importance of mechanisms changes across scale. This will allow me to disentangle how medium to larger scale factors such as environmental conditions and landscape history interact with fine scale biological interactions to structure communities. Through characterizing the local-scale multitrophic relationships between plant roots and soil microbiota across broad climatic and soil gradients, I will examine how the well understood plant root-microbe linkages structure broad-scale patterns of plant and soil community diversity and composition. Finally, I will experimentally examine how these relationships feed back to individual plants by examining how the rooting patterns of individual plants are affected by fine-scale soil conditions. I will utilize a multi-scale field survey program to characterize the plant and soil eubacteria, archaea, and fungal communities across a 1000 km2 region of native prairie. Sampling will follow a spatially explicit design to capture process ranging from individual plant-soil interactions (<25cm) to soil parent material and climate effects (1-100km). A PhD. student will investigate how landscape-scale factors interact with fine scale plant-soil relationships to structure plant and soil community composition. An MSc. student will focus on how local and landscape-level factors influence patterns of plant root diversity and root placement. Finally, a selection of potential mechanisms driving fine-scale plant rooting patterns including the role of soil fertility, soil nutrient heterogeneity, and competing plant roots will be investigated by a second MSc. student.

我的研究计划调查了植物和植物土壤相互作用如何结构植物和土壤社区的多样性和组成。我对这笔赠款的目标是1）研究局部规模的植物 - 微生物关系如何与大规模的非生物和气候因素相互作用，以构建植物和土壤微生物群落中的景观水平模式，以及2）删除植物生根模式的机制，尤其是土壤营养不良的植物根系竞争和植物根源竞争的作用。 植物植物和植物土壤相互作用从根本上是局部的，发生在毫米至厘米的尺度上。对这些精细的过程进行了充分的研究，但是对于它们如何影响植物和土壤社区中的广泛模式知之甚少。扩展到景观是具有挑战性的，因为需要评估许多相互作用的生态机制。我建议将直接植物土壤关系的本地规模与社区模式和过程联系起来，包括当地植物社区，中等规模的因素，例如草食和地形等因素以及景观规模的因素，例如气候和土壤父母的材料。空间结构方程建模将使我能够评估机制的相对强度和重要性在整个规模之间如何变化。这将使我能够解散如何中度到大规模的因素，例如环境条件和景观历史与结构社区的精细规模生物学相互作用相互作用。通过表征在广阔的气候和土壤梯度之间植物根和土壤菌群之间的局部尺度多嗜关系，我将研究如何理解的植物根 - 微生物链接结构植物和土壤社区多样性和组成的广泛模式。最后，我将通过检查这些关系如何通过研究单个植物的生根模式如何受到优质土壤条件的影响，从而实验研究这些关系如何反馈。 我将利用一项多尺度野外调查计划来表征植物和土壤的菌群，古细菌和真菌群落，遍布1000 km2土著草原地区。采样将遵循空间显式设计，以捕获从单个植物土壤相互作用（<25厘米）到土壤父母材料和气候效应（1-100公里）的过程。博士学位。学生将研究景观规模的因素如何与构造植物和土壤社区组成的细节植物土壤关系相互作用。 MSC。学生将专注于局部和景观级别的因素如何影响植物根源多样性和根源位置的模式。最后，将第二次MSC研究驱动高规模植物生根模式的潜在机制，包括土壤生育能力，土壤养分异质性和竞争植物根的作用。学生。