The plants eye view: disentangling plant-plant, plant-herbivore, and plant-soil interactions

植物视角：解开植物与植物、植物与食草动物以及植物与土壤的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2020-04222
负责人：
Lamb, Eric
金额：
$ 3.42万
依托单位：
University of Saskatchewan
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=716845
关键词：
plants eye view disentangling plant

项目摘要

My research program investigates the causal linkages between plant and soil community diversity. My most recent work focuses on how plant-plant interactions, particularly the negative interactions where an invasive species replaces a native species, structure plant and soil communities. In this granting cycle, I will expand my program scope to examine herbivory impacts on plant-soil interactions. Herbivore-plant-soil linkages have historically been notoriously difficult to disentangle because the strength and direction of plant-soil feedbacks are modified by multi-way interactions among the plant species and abiotic conditions. While we know that these mechanisms can separately be important forces structuring plant and soil community diversity and function, the relative importance of these mechanisms have rarely been investigated in a single natural community. My specific objectives for this granting cycle are to: 1. measure the long-term impacts of cattle grazing on fescue grassland plant and soil community structure, 2. evaluate the relative importance of grazing induced changes in root biomass allocation and root exudate profiles, 3. examine how the known long-term impacts of plant invasion arise from short-term herbivore-plant-soil processes operating at the moment of invasion. My research program is important because, while large mammal herbivory is known to structure plant-soil relationships, few studies have by attempted to disentangle the roles of direct plant-plant interactions and abiotic conditions from herbivory impacts. My research program will be among the first to investigate how herbivory interacts with plant-plant and environmental drivers to structure plant-soil interactions. Moving from the general to specific plant-soil processes, my program will be among the first to directly observe the fine-scale belowground dynamics at the moment of a plant invasion. The focal species for this work, Smooth Brome, is one of the most problematic invasive species in prairie grasslands. The broader ecosystem processes and consequences driving Brome invasion are well understood, yet little is known about the interactions between individual Brome plants and the established native plants that Brome displaces. My work will thus be among the first to study a plant invasion from the plants eye view, examining how aboveground and belowground processes interact through the invasion process in real time.

我的研究项目调查植物和土壤群落多样性之间的因果关系。我最近的工作重点是植物与植物之间的相互作用，特别是入侵物种取代本地物种、构建植物和土壤群落时的负面相互作用。在这个资助周期中，我将扩大我的项目范围，以研究食草对植物与土壤相互作用的影响。众所周知，草食动物-植物-土壤之间的联系很难解开，因为植物-土壤反馈的强度和方向会受到植物物种和非生物条件之间的多向相互作用的影响。虽然我们知道这些机制可以分别成为构建植物和土壤群落多样性和功能的重要力量，但很少在单个自然群落中研究这些机制的相对重要性。我在此资助周期的具体目标是： 1. 衡量牛放牧对羊茅草原植物和土壤群落结构的长期影响， 2. 评估放牧引起的根生物量分配和根分泌物分布变化的相对重要性， 3. 研究已知的植物入侵长期影响是如何从入侵时运行的短期食草动物-植物-土壤过程中产生的。我的研究项目很重要，因为虽然已知大型哺乳动物食草动物可以构建植物与土壤的关系，但很少有研究试图将植物与植物之间的直接相互作用和非生物条件与食草动物的影响分开。我的研究项目将是第一个研究食草动物如何与植物-植物和环境驱动因素相互作用以构建植物-土壤相互作用的项目之一。从一般到特定的植物-土壤过程，我的程序将是第一个直接观察植物入侵时的精细地下动态的程序之一。这项工作的重点物种，光滑雀麦，是大草原上最有问题的入侵物种之一。导致雀麦入侵的更广泛的生态系统过程和后果已广为人知，但对个别雀麦植物与雀麦取代的本地植物之间的相互作用却知之甚少。因此，我的工作将是第一个从植物视角研究植物入侵的工作，研究地上和地下过程如何在入侵过程中实时相互作用。