Fate and removal of persistent pharmaceuticals during advanced sludge digestion processes

先进污泥消化过程中持久性药物的归宿和去除

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05594
• 负责人: Eskicioglu, Cigdem
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613638
• 关键词: Fate; removal; persistent; pharmaceuticals; during

Municipalities and industries rely on biological treatment processes to treat organic pollutants in wastewater. However, one of the drawbacks of biological wastewater treatment is high residual sludge generation. Treatment and disposal of residual sludge is a bottleneck in wastewater treatment plant operation in both developing and industrial countries due to more stringent quality requirements for landfilling, ocean disposal, and incineration. It is only in recent years that more sludge is beneficially used as soil amendment after conventional or advanced sludge treatment processes (i.e. composting, aerobic or anaerobic digestion). Although land application of biosolids (treated wastewater sludge) has been accepted as a cost-effective waste disposal method that provides other benefits (i.e. recycling nutrients to improve soil quality), it can carry environmental risks. Odours, pathogens, heavy metals and other anthropogenic micropollutants, such as estrogenic hormones, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, brominated flame retardants, and musks are major contaminants with emerging concern creating public opposition to land application of biosolids. The proposed program will address gaps in knowledge related to the impact of conventional and advanced biological sludge treatment technologies on the fate and removal of six persistent pharmaceuticals; one antibiotic (Azithromycin), one lipid regulator (Bezafibrate), one anti-epileptic (Carbamazepine), and three analgesics/anti-inflammatory agents (Diclofenac, Ibuprofen and Mefenamic acid). These compounds have been selected due to their slowly-biodegradable nature, vast usage, toxicity and bioaccumulation potential. Furthermore, except Azithromycin, they are listed as endocrine disrupting compounds that can interfere with the normal function of hormones when discharged to the environment. In the short term, the project will examine the performance of various conventional and cutting-edge sludge digestion configurations and operational strategies to enhance biogas production, to minimize the volume of residual biosolids and to enhance the biodegradation of the selected pharmaceuticals at the UBC Bioreactor Technology Laboratory. In the long term, the sludge treatment technology to be developed will allow for the production of safer and publically more acceptable biosolids. Other benefits will include recommendations on ways to improve conventional biosolids treatment processes to mitigate the release/impact of micropollutants and the training of highly qualified personnel in an emerging area. Our municipal partners will obtain valuable information on the efficiency of their sludge treatment and advanced sludge digestion processes. Health Canada and the BC Ministry of Environment will obtain additional knowledge on the fate of their prioritized list of emerging compounds in biosolids.

城市和工业依靠生物处理工艺来处理废水中的有机污染物。然而，生物废水处理的缺点之一是残留污泥产生量高。由于垃圾填埋、海洋处置和焚烧的质量要求更加严格，残余污泥的处理和处置是发展中国家和工业国家污水处理厂运营的瓶颈。只是近年来，经过传统或先进的污泥处理工艺（即堆肥、好氧或厌氧消化）后，更多的污泥被有益地用作土壤改良剂。尽管生物固体（处理后的废水污泥）的土地应用已被认为是一种具有成本效益的废物处理方法，可以提供其他好处（即回收养分以改善土壤质量），但它可能会带来环境风险。气味、病原体、重金属和其他人为微污染物，如雌激素、药品和个人护理产品、溴化阻燃剂和麝香是主要污染物，人们日益担心，引起公众对生物固体土地应用的反对。拟议的计划将解决传统和先进生物污泥处理技术对六种持久性药物的命运和去除影响方面的知识空白；一种抗生素（阿奇霉素）、一种脂质调节剂（苯扎贝特）、一种抗癫痫药（卡马西平）和三种镇痛/抗炎药（双氯芬酸、布洛芬和甲芬那酸）。选择这些化合物是因为它们具有缓慢的生物降解性、广泛的用途、毒性和生物蓄积潜力。此外，除阿奇霉素外，它们都被列为内分泌干扰化合物，当排放到环境中时会干扰激素的正常功能。短期内，该项目将检查各种传统和尖端污泥消化配置和操作策略的性能，以提高沼气产量，最大限度地减少残留生物固体的体积，并增强 UBC 生物反应器技术中选定药物的生物降解性实验室。从长远来看，待开发的污泥处理技术将能够生产更安全、更容易被公众接受的生物固体。其他好处将包括如何改进传统生物固体处理工艺以减轻微污染物的释放/影响以及在新兴领域培训高素质人员的建议。我们的市政合作伙伴将获得有关污泥处理效率和先进污泥消化工艺的宝贵信息。加拿大卫生部和不列颠哥伦比亚省环境部将获得有关生物固体中新兴化合物优先清单的命运的更多信息。