2-D Crystal Electronics for Energy-Efficient Terabit Communication Links

用于节能太比特通信链路的二维晶体电子器件

• 批准号: 262288-2013
• 负责人: Voinigescu, Sorin
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571264
• 关键词: Crystal; Electronics; Energy; Efficient; Terabit

By 2007, before the iPhone and the iPad were introduced, the US ICT industry already had a larger carbon footprint than the airline industry. Since then, the proliferation of wireless communication devices, of social media (Faceboook, Twitter, Linkedin, etc.) and cloud computing has only exacerbated the annual growth rate of energy consumption attributed to the ICT industry. We now have 2049 data centers worldwide which consume 30 billion Watts, the equivalent of 30 nuclear power stations. On a per capita basis, Canadians rank ahead of Americans in terms of Internet usage and enrollment in social media websites. Our appetite for wireless communication seems insatiable. Unfortunately, of all communication links, wireless is the least efficient. The outlook is just as bleak for computation. Lack of transistor subthreshold slope improvement and lack of appropriate supply voltage scaling during the last 12 years has meant that microprocessors have become power-density limited. While parallel and multicore microprocessor architectures have temporarily alleviated the problem at the expense of increased communication across the chip and stalled clock frequency, only by inventing new transistors with steeper subthreshold slopes, faster transport, and higher current driving capability, which will permit operation from 0.3 to 0.1 V supplies, will the power density trend be curbed or reversed. With a focus on the development of (i) new submillimetre-wave (250-500 GHz) high efficiency digital transmitters for terabit data rate short range wireless communication and of (ii) novel nanoscale metal nanowire and 2-D crystal transistors, this research proposal aims to increase the energy efficiency of data centres and of wireless links by 2-3 orders of magnitude. The research output will consist of the physical implementation of sub-10nm transistors and of short range wireless links operating at close to 0.5 Tb/s. These revolutionary devices and wireless links will help to re-establish Canada's position as a leading player in the ICT field and will lead to radically new technologies, products and companies.

到2007年，在引入iPhone和iPad之前，美国ICT行业已经拥有比航空公司行业更大的碳足迹。从那时起，无线通信设备，社交媒体（FaceBoook，Twitter，LinkedIn等）和云计算的扩散仅加剧了归因于ICT行业的年增长率。 现在，我们在全球拥有2049个数据中心，可消耗30亿瓦，相当于30个核电站。就互联网使用和社交媒体网站的入学率而言，加拿大人以人均水平领先于美国人。我们对无线通信的胃口似乎是无法满足的。不幸的是，在所有通信链接中，无线效率最低。对计算的前景同样黯淡。在过去的12年中，缺乏晶体管亚阈值坡度的改善和缺乏适当的供应电压缩放，这意味着微处理器已变得有限。尽管平行和多核算微处理器体系结构暂时缓解了问题，但只有通过发明具有更陡峭的亚阈值斜率，更快的运输速度和较高电流驾驶能力的新晶体管，以增加芯片和停滞的时钟频率，这将允许从0.3到0.1 V供应，功率密度趋势会被遏制还是反转。 重点是开发（i）新的亚毫米量波（250-500 GHz）高效的数字发射器，用于Terabit数据速率短范围无线通信和（ii）新型纳米级金属纳米纳米线和2-D晶体晶体管，这项研究提案旨在将数据中心和无线链接的能源效率提高2-3个数量级。 研究输出将包括以下10nm晶体管的物理实现以及以接近0.5 tb/s的短距离无线链接的组成。 这些革命性的设备和无线链接将有助于重新建立加拿大在ICT领域的领先参与者的地位，并将导致彻底的新技术，产品和公司。