Development and use of fish cell lines as integrative tools for research in basic science, ecotoxicology, and aquaculture

鱼细胞系的开发和使用作为基础科学、生态毒理学和水产养殖研究的综合工具

• 批准号: 46159-2011
• 负责人: Lee, Lucila
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Fraser Valley
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568931
• 关键词: Development; use; fish; cell; lines

With dwindling fisheries, aquaculture is taking an important role in the provision of fish and shellfish to global markets. However, growth of aquaculture is constrained by incidence of disease and high mortalities due to stressful environmental conditions such as crowding and pollution. The sheer nature of aquacultured animals requiring large aquatic holding facilities, makes it very cumbersome and highly expensive to have whole organisms as model systems to evaluate aspects of disease progression and/or evaluation of contaminating chemicals or of therapeutic compounds. This is especially true if the study of the pathogens of interest, are OBLIGATE intracellular microorganisms. As opposed to facultative intracellular pathogens or to extracellular pathogens that can be cultured and studied outside host cells, obligate intracellular pathogens are difficult to study, as they require host cells for growth and survival. The study of viruses, the ultimate obligate intracellular pathogen, was facilitated with the development and availability of long term culturable cells or cell lines. For many terrestrial organisms, including humans, cell cultures derived from the organisms of interest have been successfully used as models to study disease, drug effects, and the role of environmental variables in modulating their health. Thus the present proposal aims to study MICROSPORIDIA (a poorly characterized obligate intracellular fungal parasites), their mechanisms of pathogenicity, transmission, reproduction, host specificity, and interactions with environmental contaminants as well as to develop therapeutic and preventive measures to control these pathogens in aquacultured species using model fish cell cultures. The growth of aquaculture has led to increasing reports of emerging opportunistic microsporidial pathogens and outbreaks of microsporidiosis have become an important issue in the global as well as Canadian industry. Loma salmonae, Loma morhua, Glugea sp. are some of several fish-afflicting microsporidia that have been reported to occur in important Canadian fish species and will be researched in this proposal along with a model culturable microsporidia, Anncaliia algerae.

随着渔业的减少，水产养殖在提供鱼类和贝类到全球市场中发挥了重要作用。然而，由于压力性的环境条件（如拥挤和污染），水产养殖的生长受疾病的发生率和高死亡率的限制。需要大型水生饲养设施的水产养殖动物的纯粹性质，使整个生物体成为模型系统，以评估疾病进展和/或评估污染物化学物质或治疗化合物的方面非常繁琐且昂贵。如果对感兴趣的病原体的研究是强制性细胞内微生物，则尤其如此。与可培养和研究宿主细胞外培养和研究的细胞内病原体或细胞外病原体相反，质感的细胞内病原体很难研究，因为它们需要宿主细胞才能生长和生存。 随着长期可培养的细胞或细胞系的发展和可用性，对病毒的最终强制性细胞内病原体进行了研究。对于许多陆地生物，包括人类，从感兴趣的生物中得出的细胞培养物已成功用作研究疾病，药物影响以及环境变量在调节健康中的作用的模型。因此，目前的提案旨在研究微孢子虫（特征性较差的细胞内真菌寄生虫），它们的致病性，传播，繁殖，宿主特异性以及与环境污染物的相互作用以及与使用模型鱼类细胞培养物质中的养殖物质中这些病原体的治疗和预防措施相互作用的机制。水产养殖的增长导致了新兴的机会性微孢子虫病原体和微孢子虫病爆发的报道已成为全球和加拿大行业的重要问题。 Loma Salmonae，Loma Morhua，Glugea sp。据报道，在重要的加拿大鱼类物种中发生的几种具有鱼类的孢子孢子虫中的一些，将在该提案中与模型可培养的微孢子虫Anncaliia algerae一起进行研究。