Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Marine Fish and Shellfish: A biomonitoring tool for PFAS remediation and a metric for potential human exposure through seafood consumption

海洋鱼类和贝类中的全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)：PFAS 修复的生物监测工具以及人类通过海鲜消费潜在接触的指标

• 批准号: 10472968
• 负责人: Celia Y Chen
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-11 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10472968
• 关键词: Acids; Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Air; Animals; Archives; Beds; Biological Monitoring; Bivalvia; Blood; Carbon ion; Child; Cholesterol; Collaborations; Communities; Consumption; Data; Development; Diet; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Endocrine Disruptors; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Film; Fisheries; Fishes; Fresh Water; Future; Habits; Harvest; Health; Health Policy; Human; Individual; Ingestion; Intervention; Investigation; Ion Exchange Resins; Knowledge; Liver; Maine; Measurement; Military Personnel; Monitor; New England; New Hampshire; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Population; Pregnant Women; Public Health; Pump; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Seafood; Services; Shellfish; Site; Soil; Source; Stream; Sulfonic Acids; Surface; Surveys; System; Thyroid Gland; Time; Tissue Sample; Tissues; Toxic effect; Training Activity; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Water; Water Supply; Water consumption; aqueous; base; bioaccumulation; cancer risk; college; contaminated drinking water; contaminated water; dietary; drinking water; effectiveness evaluation; epidemiology study; exposed human population; exposure pathway; exposure route; ground water; perfluorohexane; perfluorooctane; perfluorooctanoic acid; prevent; public health priorities; remediation; substance use; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY With concerns about human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on the rise, regional data about PFASs in various environmental media are needed to inform enforceable and protective standards for common routes of exposure, including seafood consumption. PFASs are persistent environmental contaminants of particular concern for vulnerable and sensitive populations, including children and pregnant women. Four PFASs are commonly detected in blood from United States (US) residents: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Animal and epidemiologic studies support a role for PFAS effects on the thyroid, liver, cholesterol, and even cancer risk. Human exposure to PFASs occurs primarily through ingestion, notably via PFAS contaminated drinking water and diet. These contaminants pose a regional as well as national threat to surface water and drinking water supplies with detections occurring in 49 states. PFASs in fish and shellfish, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, are recognized as an important dietary source of exposure, but data regarding exposures from marine sourced seafood are limited, hindering the development of health protective standards. In the northeastern United States (US), where an abundance of PFAS contamination sites have been identified and seafood consumption rates tend to be high relative to other regions of the US, marine species comprise a considerable share of the market. In New Hampshire (NH), the PFAS landscape is rapidly evolving with implementation of regulatory limits on drinking water supplies, investigation and remediation efforts at affected sites, and ongoing efforts to monitor exposed communities. As regulations of PFAS use evolve and remediation commences at contaminated sites, seafood monitoring will be integral to evaluating effectiveness of policies and remediation activities. There is an urgent need to collect human exposure data in order to provide critical information to understand the PFAS exposure-health outcome relationship. The proposed research encompasses both measurements of PFASs in regionally sourced, commonly consumed marine seafood species, and an assessment of local seafood consumption habits to help meet this need. The research will be conducted by a highly interdisciplinary team of scientists (marine biologists, epidemiologists, toxicologists, environmental chemists) involving a collaboration between the NH Department of Environmental Services and Dartmouth College. The project will leverage a unique archive of existing fish and shellfish tissue samples harvested throughout the Gulf of Maine (GOM), as well as new samples collected in Great Bay (GB) adjacent to a PFAS contamination site at the Pease Air Force Base. Furthermore, the proposed research will take advantage of the start of active PFAS remediation at the Pease Air Force Base to evaluate remedial effectiveness based on PFAS concentrations in the neighboring GB. The research project is proposed to provide time critical data to support timely action to protect public health in the GOM region.

项目摘要 人们担心人类暴露于升高和多氟烷基物质（PFASS）上升的问题，区域性 需要在各种环境媒体中有关PFAS的数据来告知可执行和保护标准 对于常见的暴露途径，包括海鲜消耗。 PFAS是持续的环境 特别关注脆弱和敏感人群的污染物，包括儿童和怀孕 女性。美国（美国）居民的血液中通常检测到四个PFAS：perfluorooctanoic 酸（PFOA），全氟辛烷磺酸（PFO），全氟烯烷酸（PFNA）和Pertluorohexane 磺酸（PFHXS）。动物和流行病学研究支持PFA对甲状腺肝的作用的作用 胆固醇，甚至癌症风险。人类暴露于PFAS的主要是通过摄入发生的，特别是通过 PFA污染了饮用水和饮食。这些污染物构成了地区和国家威胁 地表水和饮用水供应有49个州发生的检测。鱼和贝类中的pfass， 特别是在淡水生态系统中，被认为是暴露的重要饮食来源，但数据 关于海洋源海鲜的暴露是有限的，阻碍了健康保护的发展 标准。在美国东北部（美国），大量PFA污染地点有 被鉴定出来，相对于美国其他地区，海鲜消耗率往往很高 物种占市场的相当一部分。在新罕布什尔州（NH），PFAS景观迅速 随着对饮用水供应，调查和补救的监管限制的实施而发展 在受影响地点的努力以及监视暴露社区的持续努力。作为PFA的法规使用 进化和修复开始于受污染的地点，海鲜监测将是评估不可或缺的 政策和补救活动的有效性。迫切需要收集人类暴露数据 为了提供关键信息以了解PFAS暴露健康结果关系。这 拟议的研究涵盖了在区域采购的，通常消耗的区域中PFAS的两种测量 海洋海鲜物种以及对当地海鲜消费习惯的评估，以帮助满足这一需求。这 研究将由一个高度跨学科的科学家团队（海洋生物学家，流行病学家， 毒理学家，环境化学家）涉及NH环境部之间的合作 服务和达特茅斯学院。该项目将利用现有鱼类和贝类组织的独特档案 在缅因州（GOM）的整个海湾收获的样品，以及在大湾收集的新样品（GB） 在Pease空军基地的PFA污染部位附近。此外，拟议的研究将 利用Pease Air Force Base的主动PFA修复开始以评估补救措施 基于相邻GB中PFA的浓度的有效性。提出了研究项目 提供时间关键数据，以支持及时行动以保护GOM地区的公共卫生。