Supported catalysts for sustainable water oxidation: completing the cycle for generation of hydrogen from water

用于可持续水氧化的负载型催化剂：完成从水中产生氢气的循环

• 批准号: 462926-2014
• 负责人: Crudden, Cathleen
• 金额: $ 14.74万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=558155
• 关键词: Supported; catalysts; sustainable; water; oxidation

The need for renewable, non-polluting sources of energy cannot be understated. Only the sun provides sufficient energy volume to meet current and predictably greater future energy needs, but due to the fluxional nature of solar energy, and the fact that Canada's greatest energy needs are in the winter, the development of some type of "solar fuel" is essential. The only sustainable, realistic option for this is to split water into hydrogen an oxygen. There is already significant infrastructure in place to support hydrogen as fuel: fuel-cell vehicles which use hydrogen as fuel are a global reality and most of the world's automotive companies are building hydrogen cars. Toyota and Honda have both announced that they will put a hydrogen car on the market in 2015. However, the lack of a substantive hydrogen fuelling infrastructure and the difficulties with public perception of the safety of hydrogen are significant concerns. Thus the ability to produce hydrogen on demand from water would have a huge impact. In the water splitting reaction, the generation of hydrogen is thermodynamically easy, however the concomitant production of oxygen remains a significant challenge. This reaction is essential, otherwise a sacrificial additive is needed to balance the equation by reacting with the 1/2 oxygen equivalent that is left over. This is clearly not sustainable, and thus there is significant work being put into water oxidation. Research efforts are broadly classified into homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, each with their own drawbacks. Remarkably little work has been done at the interface in terms of SUPPORTED catalysts, likely because of the harsh environment to which the catalyst (and linker to the support) must be exposed. The proposed work builds on a recent report from the labs of three of the PIs, in which a unique method of attachment that is incredibly robust has been developed. The team is comprised of synthesis, catalysis, surface analysis, inorganic spectroscopy, electrochemistry and kinetics researchers. Our industrial partner ALTRANEX is a Kingston-based company in the alternative energy sector. They will provide considerable expertise in kinetics, modelling and electrochemistry.

不可低估的是可再生，不污染的能源的需求。只有太阳提供足够的能量量来满足当前且可以预见的更大的未来能源需求，但是由于太阳能的磁性性质，以及加拿大最大的能源需求在冬季，某种类型的“太阳能燃料”的发展至关重要。 这样做的唯一可持续性，现实的选择是将水分成氧气。 已经有重要的基础设施来支持氢作为燃料：使用氢用作燃料的燃料电池是全球现实，世界上大多数汽车公司都在建造氢汽车。 丰田和本田都宣布，他们将在2015年将氢车投放市场。但是，缺乏实质性氢加油基础设施以及公众对氢安全性的困难引起了重大关注。 因此，从水上生产氢的能力将产生巨大的影响。 在水分裂反应中，氢的产生在热力学上很容易，但是氧气的产生仍然是一个重大挑战。该反应是必不可少的，否则需要牺牲添加剂来平衡方程，通过与剩下的1/2氧相当的反应来平衡方程。 这显然是不可持续的，因此正在为水氧化做出重大工作。研究工作大致分为均质和异质催化剂，每个催化剂都有自己的缺点。 在支持的催化剂方面，在界面上几乎没有完成工作，这可能是因为必须暴露催化剂（以及与支持的链接）。 拟议的工作是基于三个PI的实验室的最新报告，其中已经开发出一种独特的依恋方法。 该团队由合成，催化，表面分析，无机光谱，电化学和动力学研究人员组成。我们的工业合作伙伴Altranex是替代能源领域的Kingston公司。 他们将提供大量的动力学，建模和电化学专业知识。