Legume recovery in pastures following broadleaf weed control

阔叶杂草控制后牧场豆科植物的恢复

基本信息

批准号：
402780-2010
负责人：
Bork, Edward
金额：
$ 2.36万
依托单位：
University of Alberta
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Collaborative Research and Development Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=551009
关键词：
Legume recovery pastures following broadleaf

项目摘要

Invasive species are a widespread problem in pastures limiting forage production. While herbicides remain effective against weeds, herbicides also remove beneficial legumes known to increase production at minimal cost. Although prompt return of legumes is an important goal, the ability of legumes to re-establish in pastures following weed control depends on several factors. They include the rate of herbicide degradation following spraying, the presence of viable legume seeds in the soil, and the specific growing conditions needed to favor legume seedling emergence and growth under field conditions. We use a combination of field experiments (short and long-term) and complementary greenhouse trials to 1) quantify the degradation of two new herbicides (aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid) with 'residual' properties, 2) assess their effect on the emergence and survival of two common legumes (alfalfa and white clover) following application, 3) evaluate the effect of environment (light and moisture) on legume seedling emergence, growth and survival, 4) document long-term changes in plant species composition of pasture following spraying, and 5) describe the soil seed bank in northern temperate pastures, including the abundance of legumes. Information will be used to assist growers to effectively re-establish legume and maintain productivity and pasture biodiversity.

入侵物种是牧场中限制牧草生产的一个普遍问题。虽然除草剂对杂草仍然有效，但除草剂也会去除已知能以最低成本提高产量的有益豆类。尽管豆科植物的迅速回归是一个重要目标，但杂草控制后豆科植物在牧场上重新生长的能力取决于几个因素。它们包括喷洒后除草剂的降解率、土壤中是否存在可存活的豆科植物种子，以及有利于豆类幼苗在田间条件下出苗和生长所需的特定生长条件。我们结合田间实验（短期和长期）和补充温室试验来 1) 量化两种具有“残留”特性的新型除草剂（环吡草胺和氨基吡啶酸）的降解情况，2) 评估它们对除草剂的出现和存活的影响。两种常见豆类（苜蓿和白三叶草）施用后，3) 评估环境（光照和湿度）对豆类幼苗出苗、生长和存活的影响，4) 记录长期变化喷洒后牧场的植物物种组成，以及 5) 描述北温带牧场的土壤种子库，包括丰富的豆科植物。信息将用于协助种植者有效地重建豆类并维持生产力和牧场生物多样性。