Patellar computer-assisted surgery and intraoperative kinematics

髌骨计算机辅助手术和术中运动学

• 批准号: 341839-2008
• 负责人: Anglin, Carolyn
• 金额: $ 1.64万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=458605
• 关键词: Patellar; computer; assisted; surgery; intraoperative

The primary reason for someone to get a knee replacement is to reduce his or her pain due to arthritis. Unfortunately, some people still have considerable pain after the surgery, often in the vicinity of the kneecap (called anterior knee pain). The reasons for this pain are usually unknown. Pain and other problems with the implant are often attributed to incorrect tracking of the kneecap (patella) on the thigh bone (femur) due to less-than-optimal placement of the components during surgery. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) uses information about the patient's anatomy and the location of the surgeon's tools to guide the surgeon to place the components in the best position; however, so far, this has focused on the large knee bones (femur and tibia) and not the patella. We are proposing four related projects to answer the following questions: (1) Can a novel computer-assisted method be developed to improve the patellar cut, and is it more accurate than the traditional approach? (2) Can an improved method be developed to measure the movement of the patella before and after placing the components and is the accuracy comparable to a gold standard, namely computed-tomography (CT)? (3) Can these systems be successfully implemented clinically, based on the accuracy of the resulting cut angle compared to the non-CAS approach, the extra time required, and the clinical results? (4) Does resurfacing the knee with implant components have a significant effect on patellar kinematics measured intraoperatively? In the longterm, our goals are to achieve symmetric patellar bone cuts and balanced patellar tracking to improve patient quality of life and implant longevity, and to use intraoperative kinematic measurements to improve implant design and surgical technique.

有人替换膝盖的主要原因是减轻因关节炎引起的疼痛。不幸的是，手术后，有些人通常在膝盖附近（称为前膝盖疼痛）。这种疼痛的原因通常是未知的。植入物的疼痛和其他问题通常归因于由于手术过程中成分的优势放置而导致的大腿骨（股骨）在大腿骨（股骨）上的不正确跟踪。计算机辅助手术（CAS）使用有关患者解剖结构和外科医生工具的位置的信息，以指导外科医生将组件放置在最佳位置；但是，到目前为止，这集中在大膝盖（股骨和胫骨）上，而不是the骨。我们提出了四个相关的项目来回答以下问题：（1）可以开发出新颖的计算机辅助方法来改善patelar削减，并且比传统方法更准确吗？ （2）是否可以开发改进的方法来测量放置组件前后骨的运动，并且准确性是否可以与金标准相媲美，即计算出的训练术（CT）？ （3）与非CAS方法相比，所得切角的准确性，所需的额外时间和临床结果，这些系统是否可以在临床上成功实现？ （4）用植入物组件重新铺面是否对术中测量的pat骨运动学有显着影响？从长远来看，我们的目标是实现对称的pat骨切割和平衡的pat骨跟踪，以改善患者的生活质量和植入物的寿命，并使用术中运动学测量值来改善植入物设计和手术技术。