Evolution of the electron density along reaction paths in presence and absense of external perturbation

在存在和不存在外部扰动的情况下，电子密度沿反应路径的演变

• 批准号: 341943-2009
• 负责人: Matta, CherifFarid
• 金额: $ 1.57万
• 依托单位: Mount Saint Vincent University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=429959
• 关键词: Evolution; electron; density; along; reaction

A theory of chemistry called the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) has become increasingly popular among theoretical chemists in recent years. The theory interprets and predicts chemistry on the basis of a topological analysis of the electron density of molecules. The electron density can be calculated from theory and can also be observed experimentally in high-resolution X-ray crystallographic experiments (followed by a special treatment of data). In QTAIM the molecular space is partitioned into separate atomic regions allowing one to focus on *local* properties of regions in a molecule just like the mental focus of an experimental chemist on a specific functional group in a molecule. So far QTAIM has been applied mainly to molecules in their ground state equilibrium geometries. While this is an important domain of application it is insufficient for a complete understanding of molecular change, change which is what a large part of (bio)chemistry is all about. This research aims at focusing on the evolution of the electron density and its topology during molecular change: Change due to the breaking and making of chemical bonds, or due to complexation with metals, or due to external electromagnetic fields, or due to interaction with solvent. We will use QTAIM to analyze the electron density of reacting systems far from their equilibrium or transition state geometries. This exploration of full reaction paths with the means of QTAIM will yield dynamical and mechanistic information necessary to complement the static picture if one wishes to discuss reactivity. A small number of very recent isolated papers advanced similar propositions, but these lack the coherence of a dedicated research program. This proposal aims at contributing in filling this gap in knowledge by applying these ideas to a selection of important problems, examples of which include: I. The effect of metal ions and solvation on the energetics of hydrolysis of ATP (the universal cellular fuel par excellence), II. The effects of external EM fields on models of the lipid peroxidation of biomembranes, and III. The effects of external fields on the proton hopping in DNA, an accepted mechanism of spontaneous mutation.

近年来，一种称为分子中原子量子理论（QTAIM）的化学理论在理论化学家中越来越受欢迎。该理论基于分子电子密度的拓扑分析来解释和预测化学。电子密度可以从理论计算出来，也可以在高分辨率X射线晶体学实验中通过实验观察（随后对数据进行特殊处理）。在 QTAIM 中，分子空间被划分为单独的原子区域，使人们能够专注于分子中区域的“局部”特性，就像实验化学家的精神焦点集中在分子中的特定官能团上一样。到目前为止，QTAIM 主要应用于处于基态平衡几何结构的分子。虽然这是一个重要的应用领域，但它不足以完全理解分子变化，而变化正是（生物）化学的很大一部分。本研究旨在关注分子变化过程中电子密度及其拓扑的演变：由于化学键的断裂和形成，或由于与金属的络合，或由于外部电磁场，或由于与溶剂的相互作用而发生的变化。我们将使用 QTAIM 来分析远离平衡或过渡态几何形状的反应系统的电子密度。如果有人希望讨论反应性，那么利用 QTAIM 手段对完整反应路径的探索将产生补充静态图所需的动态和机械信息。最近有一小部分孤立的论文提出了类似的主张，但这些论文缺乏专门研究计划的连贯性。该提案旨在通过将这些想法应用于一系列重要问题来填补这一知识空白，其中的例子包括： I. 金属离子和溶剂化对 ATP（卓越的通用细胞燃料）水解能量的影响），二。外部电磁场对生物膜脂质过氧化模型的影响，III。外部场对 DNA 质子跳跃的影响，这是一种公认​​的自发突变机制。