Cognitive Bias Modification for Risky Sex and Alcohol Use

针对危险性行为和饮酒的认知偏差修正

• 批准号: 9051214
• 负责人: Austin Matthew Hahn
• 金额: $ 3.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9051214
• 关键词: Accounting; Adaptive Behaviors; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Awareness; Behavior; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Chlamydia; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Coitus; Control Groups; Data Collection; Decision Making; Disease; Effectiveness; Elements; Etiology; HIV; HIV Infections; Health Benefit; Individual; Intervention; Joystick; Mediating; Medical; Modification; Movement; Outcome; Participant; Population; Probability; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Safe Sex; Sampling; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Stimulus; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Unplanned pregnancy; Unwanted pregnancy; Vagina; alcohol cue; alcohol intervention; alcohol use disorder; base; binge drinker; binge drinking; cognitive control; cognitive testing; conditioning; condoms; cost; design; drinking; drinking behavior; effective intervention; effective therapy; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; innovation; intervention effect; post intervention; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; reduced alcohol use; research study; sex; sexual assault; sexual encounter; sexual risk taking; sexually active; social; social anxiety; tool; university student; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sexual risk taking is associated with many negative outcomes such as HIV infection, unplanned pregnancy, and sexual assault. Research indicates that alcohol use is a significant predictor of risky sexual behavior (George et al., 2014; Purdie e al., 2011), and reducing alcohol use might be important in reducing risky sex. Sexual risk taking may occur when deliberative cognitive control processes are weaker than automatic approach tendencies. Approach biases toward alcohol cues are associated with increased drinking behavior and may also impact an individual's decision-making process regarding condom use. Joystick cognitive bias modification (CBM) interventions using a modified version of the approach avoidance task (AAT) are emerging as effective treatment tools by modifying implicit processes for many disorders and problematic behaviors. Namely, if an individual is trained to attend to or attend away from specific information, symptoms may be reduced and behavior may be changed. Previous experimental research has been successful in modifying various cognitive biases away from alcohol stimuli and subsequently reducing drinking behavior (Wiers et al., 2010; 2011). The current study seeks to replicate previous research by modifying participants' implicit approach biases away from alcohol stimuli. Additionally, the current study seeks to train participants to simultaneously approach condom stimuli. Increasing participants approach bias toward condom stimuli may subsequently increase their probability of using condoms during sexual encounters. This study examines whether implicit cognitive biases can be modified to decrease approach bias toward alcohol stimuli and increase approach bias toward condoms using a 2 (Training: training/sham) x 3 (Time: pretest/posttest/3-month follow-up) design. Participants will be college students between the ages of 18-25, who drink moderately, and have engaged in sexual intercourse without a condom at least three times with a casual, non-committed partner during the three months prior to data collection. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an active training group or a sham training control group. Participants in the active training group will be explicitly trained to make avoidance movements (pushing a joystick) away from alcohol stimuli and approach movements (pulling a joystick) toward pictures of condoms. The current study aims to test associations between the implicit approach-avoidance biases and drinking and condoms at baseline. In addition, this study will investigate the effects of the intervention on alcohol and condom approach biases, the effects of the intervention on alcohol and condom use at the 3- month follow-up, if cognitive biases post-intervention mediate changes in corresponding behavior at 3-month follow-up, and if changes in alcohol use mediate changes in risky sex.

 描述（由申请人提供）：性冒险与许多负面结果相关，例如艾滋病毒感染、意外怀孕和性侵犯。研究表明，饮酒是危险性行为的重要预测因素（George 等人，2014 年；Purdie）。 e al., 2011），当刻意的认知控制过程弱于对酒精线索的自动方法倾向时，减少饮酒可能对减少危险的性行为很重要。与饮酒行为增加有关，也可能影响个人关于安全套使用的决策过程。使用回避任务（AAT）的修改版本的操纵杆认知偏差修正（CBM）干预措施正在成为通过修改隐式过程的有效治疗工具。也就是说，如果一个人接受训练来关注或远离特定信息，则症状可能会减轻，行为也可能会改变，从而可以改变因酒精刺激而产生的各种认知偏差。随后减少饮酒行为等人，2010；2011）本研究旨在通过改变参与者对酒精刺激的隐性偏见来重复以前的研究，此外，本研究旨在训练参与者同时接触安全套刺激。刺激可能会增加他们在性行为中使用安全套的可能性。这项研究探讨了是否可以改变隐性认知偏差，以减少对酒精刺激的偏向，并增加对使用安全套的偏向 2（训练：训练/假）×3（时间：前测/后测/3个月随访）设计参与者为18-25岁之间、适度饮酒、至少有过不戴安全套性交的大学生。在数据收集之前的三个月内，与一个临时的、不忠诚的伙伴一起进行三次，参与者将被随机分配到主动训练组或假训练对照组，主动训练组的参与者将接受明确的回避训练。动作（推动操纵杆）远离酒精刺激和接近安全套图片的动作（拉动操纵杆）当前的研究旨在测试隐性接近回避偏见与饮酒和安全套之间的基线关联。干预对酒精和安全套方法偏差的影响，干预对 3 个月随访时酒精和安全套使用的影响，如果干预后的认知偏差介导了 3 个月随访时相应行为的变化，饮酒的改变是否会导致危险性行为的改变。