Low-level Exposure to Multiple Metals: Effects on Cognition and Behavior

低水平接触多种金属：对认知和行为的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9060932
负责人：
Katarzyna Kordas
金额：
$ 26.79万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2019-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9060932
关键词：
Accounting Adolescence Affect Aggressive behavior Arsenic Attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavioral Biological Biological Markers Blood Blood specimen Body Burden Cadmium Child Child health care Childhood Cognition Cognitive Cognitive deficits Cohort Studies Communication Data Development Disease Enrollment Environment Environmental Exposure Evaluation Exposure to Frustration General Population Goals Hair Hazardous Waste Health Health Communication Human Hyperactive behavior Individual Knowledge Lead Life Link Longitudinal Studies Manganese Measures Memory Metal exposure Metals Mission National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Neurocognitive Outcome Performance Policies Population Prevention strategy Problem behavior Process Public Health Public Health Practice Recommendation Reporting Research Risk Sampling Schools Severities Short-Term Memory Testing Time Uruguay Uruguayan Visuospatial Work Workload base behavioral construct behavioral outcome child protection cognitive development cognitive function cognitive task cohort design disability executive function fifth grade first grade follow-up improved innovation lead concentration lead exposure middle childhood neurobehavioral prevent relating to nervous system selective attention socioeconomics sound study population teacher third grade toxic metal toxicant trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Worldwide, millions of children are exposed to toxic metals, including lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn), with important consequences for their health and development. Research findings confirm the association between exposure to single toxic metals and neurobehavioral deficits in children. However, metal exposures rarely occur in isolation. Nevertheless, few studies to date have examined interactions among toxic metals on cognitive deficits or behavioral problems, often with mixed results. There is also little under- standing of the long-term consequences of multiple metal exposures on child outcomes. Thus, the scarcity of data and methodological limitations have kept this field from making sound recommendations for the protection of children and pediatric practice. The long-term goal of this research is to understand how low-level exposure to multiple toxic metals affects neurobehavioral outcomes across childhood and adolescence, identifying potential synergistic effects of metals on children's outcomes. The objective of the proposed study is to determine how children's exposure to multiple metals affects specific cognitive functions and behavior through middle child- hood. The proposed study is a longitudinal cohort study that will take place in Montevideo, Uruguay and builds on previous research in 1st grade children. The study focuses on As, Cd, Mn, Pb because these occur at biologically relevant levels in the environment and biological samples collected from the Uruguayan children. The central hypothesis is that within low range of exposures, higher concentrations of As, Cd, Mn and Pb will be individually associated with poorer cognition and behavior over time, and that co-exposure to these metals will produce additive or multiplicative negative effects on neurobehavioral outcomes. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) describe the trends and variability of the long-term exposure to As, Cd, Mn and Pb, 2) characterize the extent to which body burden of the metals is associated with deficits in specific cognitive functions, and 3) characterize the extent to which the metals are associated with reported and observed problem behaviors. The study population will consist of ~760 children. The study has a staggered design, entailing: 1) the follow-up of children who had been evaluated as 1st-graders in 2 previous studies (years 2010-2013), and 2) the enrollment in 1st grade and follow-up of additional cohorts of children. Hair and blood samples will be collected yearly, and children's cognition and behavior will be evaluated in 1st, 3rd and 5th grade. This approach is innovative because, in contrast to previous studies, in employs a longitudinal approach to examine interactions among multiple metals that occur at low levels in the environment, and employs specific process-oriented cognitive outcomes as opposed to IQ, which is a summative measure. This research is significant in its contribution to the communication of health risks associated with exposure to multiple toxic metals, and in its potential contribution to approaches that will prevent or alleviate the developmental consequences of exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：全世界有数百万儿童接触有毒金属，包括铅 (Pb)、砷 (As)、镉 (Cd) 和锰 (Mn)，对他们的健康和发育产生重要影响。研究结果证实了接触单一有毒金属与儿童神经行为缺陷之间的关联。然而，金属暴露很少单独发生。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究探讨有毒金属之间的相互作用对认知缺陷或行为问题的影响，而且结果往往好坏参半。对于多种金属暴露对儿童结局的长期影响也知之甚少。因此，数据的缺乏和方法的局限性使得该领域无法为保护儿童和儿科实践提出合理的建议。这项研究的长期目标是了解低水平接触多种有毒金属如何影响儿童期和青春期的神经行为结果，确定金属对儿童结果的潜在协同效应。本研究的目的是确定儿童接触多种金属对整个童年时期的特定认知功能和行为有何影响。拟议的研究是一项纵向队列研究，将在乌拉圭蒙得维的亚进行，并建立在之前针对一年级儿童的研究基础上。该研究的重点是砷、镉、锰、铅，因为这些物质在环境和从乌拉圭儿童收集的生物样本中达到了生物学相关水平。中心假设是，在低暴露范围内，随着时间的推移，较高浓度的砷、镉、锰和铅将分别与较差的认知和行为相关，并且同时暴露于这些金属将对神经行为产生加性或乘性负面影响结果。本研究的具体目的是：1) 描述长期暴露于砷、镉、锰和铅的趋势和变异性，2) 描述金属的身体负担与特定认知缺陷相关的程度。功能，3) 描述金属与报告和观察到的问题行为的关联程度。研究人群将包括约 760 名儿童。该研究采用交错设计，包括：1) 对在之前的 2 项研究（2010-2013 年）中被评估为一年级学生的儿童进行随访，以及 2) 一年级的入学和对其他儿童的随访一群群的孩子。每年都会采集头发和血液样本，并对一年级、三年级和五年级儿童的认知和行为进行评估。这种方法是创新的，因为与以前的研究相比，它采用纵向方法来检查环境中低水平发生的多种金属之间的相互作用，并采用特定的面向过程的认知结果，而不是智商，这是一种总结性衡量标准。这项研究具有重要意义，因为它对宣传与接触多种有毒金属相关的健康风险做出了贡献，并且对预防或减轻接触的发育后果的方法做出了潜在贡献。