Is Low-Level Arsenic Exposure Related to Neurobehavioral Deficits in Children

低水平砷暴露与儿童神经行为缺陷有关吗

基本信息

批准号：
8415963
负责人：
Katarzyna Kordas
金额：
$ 16.19万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-02-01 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8415963
关键词：
7 year old Accounting Address Adolescence Affect Age Archives Area Arsenic Behavior Behavioral Cacodylic Acid Categories Child Childhood Chronic Cognition Cognitive Cognitive deficits Cohort Studies Collection Data Development Disease Enrollment Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Risk Factor Epidemiologic Studies Europe Excretory function Exposure to Folate Future Genes Genetic Genetic Polymorphism Goals Hair Health Communication Human Human body Impaired cognition Impairment Individual Integration Host Factors Intervention Investigation Knowledge Life Measures Methylation Mexico Mission Modification Monitor National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Neurotoxins Nutritional Nutritional status Outcome Performance Persons Play Policies Population Prevention Prevention strategy Problem behavior Process Public Health Research Risk Risk Assessment Role Sampling Schools Source Testing United States Urine Uruguay Water Work base behavioral impairment cognitive function design disability drinking water experience first grade innovation monomethylarsonic acid neurobehavioral neurotoxic premature sex sound urinary ward

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Millions of children worldwide are exposed to neurotoxic substances in their environment, such as arsenic, that produce potentially irreversible intellectual and behavioral impairments. Cognitive deficits, most typically measured as IQ in school children living in high-exposure areas, have been associated with higher concentrations of arsenic in drinking water, urine and hair. However, we have limited understanding of the extent to which low- level arsenic exposure is associated with children's cognitive function and behavior. This gap in knowledge limits accurate risk assessment and the communication of health risks associated with arsenic exposure. The long-term goal is to understand how low-level arsenic exposure affects neurobehavioral outcomes across childhood and adolescence, and to identify host and environmental factors (such as age, sex, genetic make- up, nutritional status, and other environmental exposures) that may modify the effects of arsenic on child cognition and behavior. The objective of the proposed study is to determine the effects of low-level arsenic exposure and arsenic methylation capacity on cognitive function and behavior in 6-7 year-old children. The central hypothesis is that within low-range of exposures, higher arsenic concentrations in water and urine (particularly higher fraction of urinary methylarsonic acid) will be associated with poorer cognition and behavior problems. The two specific aims are 1) Determine to what extent low-level arsenic exposure (<50 5g/L) is associated with neurobehavioral outcomes in first-grade children, and 2) Determine to what extent low arsenic methylation capacity impairs cognition and behavior in first-grade children exposed to As. Archived water and urine samples from an ongoing study of first-graders from Montevideo, Uruguay will be utilized to address both aims, in addition to the collection of water and urine samples from newly enrolled children. Results from extensive Neurobehavioral assessments of the children and indicators of nutritional status and neurotoxicant exposure will be employed. This approach is innovative because in contrast to previous studies, it systematically examines the effects of low-level arsenic exposure and methylation capacity on child cognition. These methodological advances will result in more accurate risk-assessment of arsenic exposure on its own and provide important data to inform the design of large, systematic investigations of these issues in the future. This research is significant in its contribution to the communication of health risks associated with arsenic exposure. Important strides toward the prevention of exposure and the development of risk-modification strategies can also be achieved once factors associated with the excretion of arsenic (methylation) are identified. Finally, the significance of this research, over the long-term, lies in its potential contribution to policies on arsenic monitoring and action levels in settings, such as the United States, where children typically experience low-level arsenic exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：全世界有数以百万计的儿童在其环境中暴露于砷等神经毒性物质，这些物质可能会造成不可逆转的智力和行为障碍。认知缺陷（最常见的是生活在高暴露地区的学童的智商）与饮用水、尿液和头发中较高浓度的砷有关。然而，我们对低水平砷暴露与儿童认知功能和行为的关联程度了解有限。这种知识差距限制了准确的风险评估以及与砷暴露相关的健康风险的沟通。长期目标是了解低水平砷暴露如何影响儿童期和青春期的神经行为结果，并确定宿主和环境因素（例如年龄、性别、基因组成、营养状况和其他环境暴露）可能会改变砷对儿童认知和行为的影响。本研究的目的是确定低水平砷暴露和砷甲基化能力对 6-7 岁儿童认知功能和行为的影响。中心假设是，在低范围的暴露范围内，水和尿液中较高的砷浓度（特别是尿液中较高比例的甲基胂酸）将与较差的认知和行为问题相关。这两个具体目标是 1) 确定低水平砷暴露 (<50 5g/L) 在多大程度上与一年级儿童的神经行为结果相关，以及 2) 确定低砷甲基化能力在多大程度上损害一年级儿童的认知和行为一年级儿童接触砷。除了从新入学儿童收集水和尿液样本外，乌拉圭蒙得维的亚一年级学生正在进行的一项研究中存档的水和尿液样本也将用于实现这两个目标。广泛的结果将采用儿童的神经行为评估以及营养状况和神经毒物暴露指标。这种方法具有创新性，因为与之前的研究相比，它系统地研究了低水平砷暴露和甲基化能力对儿童认知的影响。这些方法上的进步将导致对砷暴露本身进行更准确的风险评估，并为未来对这些问题进行大型系统调查的设计提供重要数据。这项研究对于宣传与砷暴露相关的健康风险做出了重要贡献。一旦确定了与砷排泄（甲基化）相关的因素，就可以在预防暴露和制定风险降低策略方面取得重要进展。最后，从长远来看，这项研究的意义在于它对砷监测政策和行动水平的潜在贡献，例如美国，儿童通常会经历低水平的砷暴露。