Natural disaster effects on aggressive children and their caretakers: Outcomes ac

自然灾害对攻击性儿童及其看护者的影响：结果

• 批准号: 9091595
• 负责人: JOHN E LOCHMAN
• 金额: $ 48.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN TUSCALOOSA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-20 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9091595
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavioral; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Cognitive Therapy; Data; Data Collection; Diagnostic; Disasters; Disease; Disruptive Behavior Disorder; Distress; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Characteristics; Funding; Galvanic Skin Response; Genes; Genetic Markers; Grant; Health; Heart Rate; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health Services; Natural Disasters; Nervous System Physiology; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Physiological; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention Research; Prevention trial; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Race; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Services; Sex Characteristics; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Functioning; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Support System; Time; Tornadoes; Trauma; Youth; base; biopsychosocial; cohort; coping; follow-up; health service use; high risk; innovation; peer; respiratory; response; sex; social; substance use prevention; teacher; therapy design; trial comparing; tv watching

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will examine the effects of a tornado-related natural disaster on children and parents participating in an ongoing substance use prevention trial and will allow a unique opportunity to examine changes in children's and parents' predisaster and postdisaster functioning on a comprehensive range of biopsychic- social indicators and on substance abuse and mental health service use in an already at-risk sample. Research on the service use, substance use, behavioral and emotional effects of natural disasters on children and their caretakers has received limited empirical attention, even though such disasters have considerable public health significance due to increases in disordered emotional and behavioral functioning and service use demands. Existing studies of the aftereffects of natural disasters on children are limited by not knowing how much the disaster changed the children's predisaster functioning. This will be the first disaster study that includes extensive data on children's behavioral, emotional, (teacher, parent, peer, and self reports), social (children's peer relations based on peer, teacher and self report) and psycho- physiological (skin conductance, heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia) functioning both before and after disaster exposure. Another important innovation of the proposed study is that it will follow a sample of preadolescent children identified as being at-risk prior to the disaster. Thus, the sample is likely to be more heavily influenced by the disaster (Kaminer et al., 2005; Resnick, 1995; Weems et al., 2010), because the tornado that devastated the study area adds another set of risk factors to already vulnerable children. The specific aims of the project are: 1 To explore changes in functioning pre-to-post tornado in children (emotional, behavioral, social, academic, and autonomic nervous system functioning and substance use) and primary caretakers (emotional functioning and parenting practices); 2) To explore moderation of changes in child and caretaker functioning pre-to-post tornado by degree of tornado exposure, by pre- tornado child (sex, ethnicity, temperamental anxiety) and family (socioeconomic status, post-tornado negative life events, levels of family social support, parenting practices) characteristics and by gene-by- environment (degree of exposure to the tornado) effects; 3) To explore moderation of post-tornado rates of substance abuse, mental health service use and diagnostic outcomes by degree of tornado exposure and pre-tornado child and family characteristics and by caretakers' and children's changes in functioning; 4) To determine whether cognitive behavioral intervention (Coping Power) delivered after the tornado (Cohort 3 versus Cohorts 1 and 2) attenuates increases in behavioral and emotional problems after the tornado in a transdiagnostic fashion. The funding sought here would make it possible to address these aims by supporting the assessment of the existing intervention sample at more frequent and longer-term time points and on additional measures linked to the specific aims.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将研究龙卷风相关的自然灾害对参与正在进行的药物使用预防试验的儿童和家长的影响，并将提供一个独特的机会来检查儿童和家长灾前和灾后功能的变化全面的生物心理-社会指标以及在已经处于危险之中的样本中药物滥用和心理健康服务的使用。关于自然灾害对儿童及其看护者的服务使用、物质使用、行为和情绪影响的研究受到的实证关注有限，尽管由于无序的情绪和行为功能以及服务使用需求的增加，此类灾难具有相当大的公共卫生意义。现有关于自然灾害对儿童影响的研究受到限制，因为不知道灾难对儿童灾前功能的影响有多大。这将是第一个灾难研究 包括有关儿童行为、情感（老师、家长、同伴和自我报告）、社交（基于同伴、老师和自我报告的儿童同伴关系）和心理生理（皮肤电导、心率、呼吸性窦性心律失常）的大量数据在灾难发生之前和之后都可以发挥作用。拟议研究的另一个重要创新是，它将跟踪在灾难发生前被确定为处于危险之中的青春期前儿童的样本。因此，样本可能受到灾难的影响更大（Kaminer et al., 2005; Resnick, 1995; Weems et al., 2010），因为摧毁研究区域的龙卷风给已经发生的灾害增加了另一组风险因素。弱势儿童。该项目的具体目标是： 1 探索龙卷风前后儿童（情绪、行为、社交、学业和自主神经系统功能和物质使用）和主要看护者（情绪功能和养育方式）功能的变化; 2) 根据龙卷风暴露程度、龙卷风前儿童（性别、种族、气质焦虑）和家庭（社会经济地位、龙卷风后负面生活事件、家庭社会支持水平、养育方式）特征以及基因与环境（龙卷风暴露程度）的影响； 3) 探索通过龙卷风暴露程度、龙卷风前儿童和家庭特征以及看护者和儿童功能变化来调节龙卷风后药物滥用率、心理健康服务使用和诊断结果； 4) 确定龙卷风后提供的认知行为干预（应对能力）（第 3 组与第 1 组和第 2 组）是否以跨诊断方式减弱龙卷风后行为和情绪问题的增加。这里寻求的资金将能够通过支持在更频繁和更长期的时间点评估现有干预样本以及与具体目标相关的其他措施来实现这些目标。