Household Triclosan and Triclocarban Use and the Developing Infant Microbiome

家庭三氯生和三氯卡班的使用与婴儿微生物群的发育

基本信息

批准号：
8791686
负责人：
Julie Parsonnet
金额：
$ 31.95万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-01-14 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8791686
关键词：
Accounting Affect Age Antibiotics Automobile Driving Biocide Birth Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Chemicals Child Childhood Clinical Cohort Studies Communicable Diseases Communities Development Diet Disease Endocrine Environment Environmental Exposure Event Evolution Exposure to Feces Food Frequencies Future Goals Gram-Negative Bacteria Growth Health Home environment Household Human Human Microbiome Human Milk Hygiene Immune system Immunologics Incidence Individual Infant Infection Intention Learning Life Mediating Metabolic Metabolism Microbe Mothers Newborn Infant Oral Organism Outcome Pattern Personal Satisfaction Phase Population Predisposition Pregnant Women Rain Randomized Recombinant DNA Research Research Personnel Saliva Sampling Self Care Shapes Skin Soaps Solid Structure Surface Swab Symptoms Testing Time Toothpaste Triclosan Urine Water Work arm base cohort forest frontier fungus human subject immune function intrapartum killings microbial microbicide microbiome response transmission process triclocarban urinary

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The infant microbiome evolves over early life, with the first year being of particular importance. Increasingly, investigators speculate that the sequence of microbial acquisition and the diversity of the microbiome influence immunologic, endocrinologic and metabolic development. Thus, anything that modifies the microbiome may alter infant growth and even long-term health and well-being. Over the last 50 years, microbicides in commercial household cleaning and personal care products have become ubiquitous in the U.S. The most common--triclosan and triclocarban (TCs)-permeate a vast assortment of commercial products. Due to their widespread use, triclosan is found in 50% of surface water and 75% of human urine samples. TCs have a broad spectrum of activity, killing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. The effects of these biocides on the human microbiome--and more specifically on the microbiota of infants--remain unknown. This team is currently conducting a longitudinal cohort study (STORK) to assess the consequences of intrapartum and childhood infectious diseases on infant growth. Within the STORK cohort, households were randomized to commercial products with and without TCs to determine whether these chemicals affect the incidence of infection. In the current proposal, this work will be expanded to understand the effects of these microbicides on the developing infant microbiome. It is hypothesized that household TC use will modify the evolution of infant microbiota, reducing their diversity and altering their community structure, potentially leading to differences in growth, metabolism and immune function. The specific aim, then, is to determine whether membership and structure of infant microbiota correlate with household TC use. To assess this specific aim, deep 16S rDNA sequencing will be conducted on collected stool, saliva, and skin swab samples from mothers and their newborns. Samples will be collected every four months until the children reach the age of three years. Urine will be tested for triclosan exposure and information on child growth, infectious diseases symptoms, and antibiotic use will be accessed weekly. All this work will be done on previously collected samples with no additional human subjects contact. Analyses will include: intention-to- treat comparisons of the children's microbiota based on microbicide randomization; exposure comparisons of the children's microbiota based on high and low urinary levels of triclosan; and a comparison of mothers' and their children's microbiota stratified by microbicide arm. An enlarging body of work indicates that environmental exposures early in development shape susceptibility to disease later in life. How much of the relationship between environmental exposure and host outcome is actually mediated by microbiota is a great unknown. This study will lay groundwork for exploring this new frontier of research.

描述（由申请人提供）：婴儿微生物群在生命早期不断进化，第一年尤其重要。研究人员越来越多地推测微生物获得的顺序和微生物组的多样性会影响免疫、内分泌和代谢的发育。因此，任何改变微生物组的因素都可能改变婴儿的生长，甚至改变长期的健康和福祉。过去 50 年来，商业家庭清洁和个人护理产品中的杀菌剂在美国已变得无处不在。最常见的三氯生和三氯卡班 (TC) 渗透到各种各样的商业产品中。由于用途广泛，三氯生存在于 50% 的地表水和 75% 的人类尿液样本中。 TC 具有广谱活性，可杀死革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌以及真菌。这些杀菌剂对人类微生物群（更具体地说是对婴儿微生物群）的影响仍然未知。该团队目前正在进行一项纵向队列研究（STORK），以评估产时和儿童传染病对婴儿生长的影响。在 STORK 队列中，家庭被随机分配到含有或不含有 TC 的商业产品，以确定这些化学物质是否会影响感染的发生率。在当前的提案中，这项工作将扩大到了解这些杀菌剂对发育中的婴儿微生物组的影响。据推测，家庭 TC 的使用将改变婴儿微生物群的进化，减少其多样性并改变其群落结构，从而可能导致生长、代谢和免疫功能的差异。那么，具体目标是确定婴儿微生物群的成员和结构是否与家庭 TC 使用相关。为了评估这一具体目标，将对母亲及其新生儿收集的粪便、唾液和皮肤拭子样本进行深度 16S rDNA 测序。每四个月收集一次样本，直到孩子们年满三岁。将测试尿液中的三氯生暴露情况，并每周获取有关儿童生长、传染病症状和抗生素使用的信息。所有这些工作都将在之前收集的样本上完成，无需额外接触人类受试者。分析将包括：基于杀菌剂随机化对儿童微生物群进行意向治疗比较；根据尿液中三氯生的高低水平对儿童微生物群的暴露情况进行比较；以及按杀菌剂分组对母亲及其孩子的微生物群进行比较。越来越多的研究表明，发育早期的环境暴露会影响晚年疾病的易感性。环境暴露与宿主结果之间的关系到底有多少是由微生物群介导的，目前仍是一个很大的未知数。这项研究将为探索这一新的研究领域奠定基础。