Detoxication of Air Pollutants in Humans with a Broccoli Supplement

西兰花补充剂对人体空气污染物的解毒

基本信息

批准号：
8885232
负责人：
John D Groopman
金额：
$ 43.74万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-05-01 至 2020-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8885232
关键词：
Acetylcysteine Acrolein Aflatoxins Agriculture Air Air Pollutants Air Pollution Archives Area Asians Attention Automobiles Benzene Beverages Bioavailable Biological Markers Broccoli - dietary Burn injury Carcinogens Cereals Chemicals Chemoprevention Chemopreventive Agent China Chronic Disease Clinical Clinical Trials Cooking Practices Data Diet Dose Drops Drug Formulations Drug Kinetics Economic Development Economics Environmental Exposure Environmental Protection Excretory function Exposure to Female Food Gene Targeting Glucosinolates Glutathione S-Transferase Government Health Human Incidence Individual Ingestion International Agency for Research on Cancer Intervention Investigation Investments Longevity Lymphocyte Maize Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of liver Malignant neoplasm of lung Measures Myrosinase Participant Pattern Pharmacodynamics Policies Pollution Population Populations at Risk Power Plants Prevention strategy Preventive Intervention Primary Prevention Randomized Clinical Trials Rice Risk Rivers Rural Sampling Schedule Serum Signal Pathway Source Sulforaphane Time Toxic Environmental Substances Toxicant exposure Translations United States Urine Woman base cancer risk cohort design detoxication dietary supplements effective intervention glucoraphanin hazard mortality neoplasm registry non-smoking novel phenanthrene pollutant population based pre-clinical prospective public health relevance toxicant urinary

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Air pollution has recently been declared a Group 1 human carcinogen by IARC. It is well documented that exposures are very high in Asian megacities including those in China. Our studies in the Yangtze River Basin region (Qidong) have revealed high internal dose levels of a spectrum of airborne toxicants, presumably reflecting the surge in economic development without concomitant attention to regional environmental protection. Reductions in exposures to airborne toxicants require substantive economic and political investments, driven by national and global mandates, which have proven difficult to implement. However, chemoprevention, especially food-based "green" chemoprevention, offers the opportunity for individuals to mitigate risks associated with these unavoidable exposures. Based upon our previous clinical trials demonstrating that broccoli sprout extracts (rich in the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane and its precursor glucoraphanin) enhanced the detoxication of multiple airborne toxicants from ambient exposures, we will examine a new dietary supplement that provides a consistent, bioavailable source of sulforaphane in the body using a clever, inexpensive formulation. It is our hypothesis that the extent of modulation of these hazard biomarker levels (e.g., mercapturic acids of volatile organic air pollutants) can predict the efficacy of chemopreventive interventions in at-risk populations and will guide their optimization and translation to practice. The specific aims of thi project are designed to understand, in detail, past and emerging patterns of exposure to airborne toxicants. To achieve the aims, we will use longitudinal samples over a 20- year period from our earlier studies in Qidong, China to quantify the extent of changes occurring in levels of air toxicants. These patterns will be evaluated in the context of recent, rapidly increasing risk o lung cancer in non-smoking women in Qidong. We will also optimize dose and schedule for a mechanism-based chemoprevention intervention with a broccoli-derived dietary supplement for enhanced detoxication of these chemical airborne hazards. We seek to provide frugal approaches to mitigate the actions of environmental toxins where legislative or regulatory approaches are not feasible at present.

描述（由申请人提供）：国际癌症研究机构 (IARC) 最近将空气污染列为第一类人类致癌物。有充分证据表明，包括中国在内的亚洲大城市的空气污染暴露水平非常高。揭示了一系列空气传播毒物的高内部剂量水平，这可能反映了经济发展的激增而没有同时关注区域环境保护。然而，根据我们之前的临床试验，化学预防，特别是基于食品的“绿色”化学预防，为个人提供了减轻与这些不可避免的暴露相关的风险的机会。为了证明西兰花芽提取物（富含化学预防剂萝卜硫素及其前体萝卜硫苷）增强了环境暴露中多种空气传播毒物的解毒作用，我们将研究一种新的膳食补充剂，该补充剂可提供我们的假设是，这些危险生物标志物水平（例如挥发性硫醇酸）的调节程度。有机空气污染物）可以预测化学预防干预措施对高危人群的功效，并将指导其优化和转化为实践。该项目的具体目标旨在详细了解过去和新出现的空气有毒物质暴露模式。为了实现这些目标，我们将使用我们早期在中国启东进行的 20 年研究中的纵向样本来量化空气毒物水平的变化程度，这些模式将在近期快速增长的背景下进行评估。肺癌风险我们还将优化基于机制的化学预防干预的剂量和时间表，使用西兰花衍生的膳食补充剂来增强这些化学空气传播危害的解毒。目前立法或监管方法尚不可行的毒素。