Do Electronic Cigarettes Reduce Harm?

电子烟可以减少危害吗？

基本信息

批准号：
8884573
负责人：
Prudence Talbot
金额：
$ 20.27万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-15 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8884573
关键词：
Address Adult Adverse effects Advertisements Aerosols Affect American Animals Biological Assay Breathing British Burn injury Cells Chemicals Cigarette Cinnamon - dietary Data Development Dose Electronic cigarette Embryo Epithelial Cells Fibroblasts Flavoring Foundations Future Goals Gold Harm Reduction Health Heating Hepatocyte Human In Vitro Liquid substance Liver Lung Mainstreaming Marketing Mass Fragmentography Nicotine No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Organic Chemicals Outcome Poison Policies Policy Maker Production Propylene Glycols Public Health Relative (related person)Reporting Research Safety Sales Science Smoke Testing Tobacco Tobacco smoke Toxic effect Work base cell killing cell type cinnamic aldehyde cytotoxic cytotoxicity embryonic stem cell genotoxicity human embryonic stem cell prenatal prevent research study response screening

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Electronic cigarettes heat a fluid containing nicotine and a humectant, such as propylene glycol. The resulting puff of aerosol contains many fewer chemicals than a puff of tobacco smoke and may therefore provide a less harmful alternative for those addicted to nicotine. However, relatively little is known about electronic cigarette aerosols and both positive and negative health effects have been reported by electronic cigarette users. Our long-term objective is to understand how electronic cigarettes affect human health and to contribute to the scientific foundation that will be used to establish rational policies for regulaing the manufacture, advertisement, and sale of electronic cigarettes. Our prior data demonstrate that some flavorings used in electronic cigarette refill fluids are cytotoxic to human cells. The goal of the proposed research is to compare the cytoxicity and genotoxicity of electronic cigarette aerosols and mainstream smoke from conventional cigarette products, and then to identify the flavorings and chemicals in electronic cigarette products that cause cytoxicity/genotoxicity. An in vitro toxicological approach will be used that will enable screening of broad range of products and identification of products/chemicals that could be pursued in more depth in future proposals including animals and humans. In our first Specific Aim, a dose response in vitro screen will be used to identify electronic cigarette products that produce aerosols which are cytotoxic to human embryonic stem cells, lung fibroblasts, and lung epithelial cells. A hierarchy of potency will establish the relative cytotoxicity of the products that are screened. Genotoxicity will then be evaluated at doses that do not kill cells. Similar cyto/genotoxicity data will be obtained using mainstream smoke from two conventional cigarette products. Data from the conventional and electronic cigarettes will be compared to determine if harm is decreased in the electronic cigarettes. Comparisons will also be made to determine the relative sensitivity of embryonic vs. adult cells to these products. In the second Specific Aim, we will identify the chemicals in the most potent electronic cigarette aerosols, purchase authentic standards, and test the authentic standards in the cytotoxic and genotoxic assays to identify the chemical(s) that produce harm. The resulting data would contribute to regulatory science and help regulatory agencies establish policies to govern the chemicals and flavorings that are added to electronic cigarette fluids. These data could help prevent adverse health effects in electronic cigarette users and make electronic cigarettes a safer alternative to conventional tobacco products.

描述（由申请人提供）：电子烟加热含有尼古丁和保湿剂（例如丙二醇）的液体。由此产生的气溶胶所含的化学物质比一口烟草烟雾少得多，因此可能为尼古丁成瘾者提供危害较小的替代品。然而，人们对电子烟气雾剂的了解相对较少，并且电子烟使用者报告了对健康的积极和消极影响。我们的长期目标是了解电子烟如何影响人类健康，并为制定合理的政策来规范电子烟的制造、广告和销售奠定科学基础。我们之前的数据表明，电子烟填充液中使用的一些调味剂对人体细胞具有细胞毒性。拟议研究的目标是比较电子烟气溶胶和传统卷烟产品主流烟雾的细胞毒性和遗传毒性，然后识别电子烟产品中引起细胞毒性/遗传毒性的香料和化学物质。将使用体外毒理学方法进行筛选广泛的产品范围和产品/化学品的识别，这些产品/化学品可以在未来的提案中更深入地探讨，包括动物和人类。在我们的第一个具体目标中，将使用体外剂量反应筛选来识别产生对人类胚胎干细胞、肺成纤维细胞和肺上皮细胞具有细胞毒性的气溶胶的电子烟产品。效力等级将确定所筛选产品的相对细胞毒性。然后将在不杀死细胞的剂量下评估基因毒性。使用两种传统卷烟产品的主流烟雾可以获得类似的细胞/基因毒性数据。将比较传统香烟和电子香烟的数据，以确定电子香烟的危害是否减少。还将进行比较以确定胚胎细胞与成体细胞对这些产品的相对敏感性。在第二个具体目标中，我们将识别最有效的电子烟气溶胶中的化学物质，购买真实的标准品，并在细胞毒性和基因毒性测定中测试真实的标准品，以识别产生危害的化学物质。由此产生的数据将有助于监管科学，并帮助监管机构制定政策来管理添加到电子烟液中的化学品和香料。这些数据可以帮助防止电子烟使用者对健康产生不良影响，并使电子烟成为传统烟草产品更安全的替代品。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Video bioinformatics analysis of human pluripotent stem cell morphology, quality, and cellular dynamics.

人类多能干细胞形态、质量和细胞动力学的视频生物信息学分析。

DOI：
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
6
作者：
Lin, Sabrina C;Loza, Antonio;Antrim, Lauren;Talbot, Prue
通讯作者：
Talbot, Prue

Dynamic blebbing: A bottleneck to human embryonic stem cell culture that can be overcome by Laminin-Integrin signaling.

动态起泡：人类胚胎干细胞培养的瓶颈，可以通过层粘连蛋白-整合素信号传导来克服。

DOI：
发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Weng, Nikki Jo;Cheung, Cindy;Talbot, Prue
通讯作者：
Talbot, Prue

Counterfeit Electronic Cigarette Products with Mislabeled Nicotine Concentrations.

尼古丁浓度标签错误的假冒电子烟产品。

DOI：
发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Omaiye, Esther E;Cordova, Iliana;Davis, Barbara;Talbot, Prue
通讯作者：
Talbot, Prue

Deep Analysis of Mitochondria and Cell Health Using Machine Learning.

使用机器学习深入分析线粒体和细胞健康。

DOI：
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Zahedi, Atena;On, Vincent;Phandthong, Rattapol;Chaili, Angela;Remark, Guadalupe;Bhanu, Bir;Talbot, Prue
通讯作者：
Talbot, Prue

Mitochondrial Stress Response in Neural Stem Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarettes.

暴露于电子烟的神经干细胞的线粒体应激反应。