Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program (HWWTP)

危险废物工人培训计划（HWWTP）

基本信息

批准号：
8319374
负责人：
Frank Stephen Cyphers
金额：
$ 204.3万
依托单位：
INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL WORKERS UNION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-08-10 至 2015-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8319374
关键词：
Academy Adult Affect Air American Americas Applications Grants Avian Influenza Cessation of life Chemicals Communities Community Outreach Computer software Computers Data Data Collection Disasters Discipline of Nursing Education Educational Curriculum Educational process of instructing Emergency Situation Employee Equipment Failure Evaluation Event Fire - disasters First Aid Frequencies Hand Hazardous Substances Hazardous Waste Health Health Hazards Health Personnel Healthcare Hospitals Income Individual Injury Internet Investigation Joints Knowledge Language Laws Learning Life Link Location Maintenance Marketing Mechanical Ventilators Methods Michigan Minority Molds National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences New York City Nurses Outcome Participant Patients Physicians Population Positioning Attribute Procedures Program Development Public Health Quality Control Readiness Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Resources Risk Safety Schools Science Shelter facility Site Specific qualifier value Techniques Trainers Training Training Training Programs U-Series Cooperative Agreements Universities Work Workplace authority base chemical release chemical spill college cost experience fitness hazard improved interest meetings member outreach prevent programs queuine response simulation skills statistics swine flu teacher wasting

项目摘要

Scope of Hazards of Chemical Emergency Response Chemical spills are a daily occurrence in America and even in the 21st century all too many workers are still not effectively trained to understand the risks of accidental spills and leaks. The 2005 ATSDR report on Hazardous Substance Emergency Events (Appendix Q) based on data from 15 state Health Departments of releases documents that there were 8,603 events in 2005, more than 20 per day, 6,386 were at fixed facilities. There were 2,034 victims (85% at fixed facilities) and 45% of the victims were employees or responders, an indication on the need to adequately train workers at facilities with potential releases. 50% of these incidents were reported to be due to equipment failure. The 2001 ATSDR report had similar statistics and also reported that 42% were releases to the air, an indication of the need for Center staff and trainers to better understand the dynamics of plume releases and dynamics. Another 40% of incidents were from spills, demonstrating the need to train workers to safely and efficientty respond to these events, alert the proper authorities, limit the spill release and properly dispose of waste. The frequency of building evacuations (655 in 2005) underscores the need for safe evacuation and workplace shelter in place procedures. The 2005 article by staff of the Chemical Safety Board on the Bhopal disaster, identifies one of the systemic problems as "ineffective worker training' which remain "underlying causes of many incidents" (3; Appendix C). ATSDR data has been previously documented by the 1999 600K report by the US Chemical Safety and Hazards Investigation Board (4). Similar conclusions were reached by a 1998 US Public Interest Research Group and National Environmental Law Center report (5). Although there are limitations in their data collection, they add information on the danger of chemical releases to communities and the "vulnerable zone" in a worst case scenario. They conclude that 41 million Americans live within three miles of facilities with the potential for serious injury or death, a daunting figure that reinforces the need to prevent serious releases of hazardous materials, and protect workers and the public when they do.

化学品应急响应危害范围化学品泄漏在美国每天都会发生，即使在 21 世纪，仍有太多工人没有接受过有效的培训来了解意外泄漏和泄漏的风险。 2005 年 ATSDR 危险物质紧急事件报告（附录 Q）根据 15 个州卫生部门发布的数据发布文件，2005 年共发生 8,603 起事件，每天超过 20 起，其中 6,386 起发生在固定设施。共有 2,034 名受害者（85% 在固定设施中），其中 45% 的受害者是雇员或救援人员，这表明需要对可能发生泄漏的设施中的工作人员进行充分培训。据报道，其中 50% 的事故是由于设备故障造成的。 2001 年的 ATSDR 报告也有类似的统计数据，还报告称 42% 是释放到空气中的，这表明中心工作人员和培训人员需要更好地了解羽流释放的动态和动态。另外 40% 的事故是由于泄漏造成的，这表明需要培训工作人员安全有效地应对这些事件，并向适当的人员发出警报当局，限制泄漏排放并妥善处置废物。建筑物疏散的频率（2005 年有 655 起）强调了安全疏散和工作场所避难就地程序的必要性。化学安全委员会工作人员 2005 年关于博帕尔灾难的文章指出，系统性问题之一是“无效的工人培训”，这仍然是“许多事故的根本原因”（3；附录 C）。 ATSDR 数据之前已记录在美国化学品安全和危害调查委员会 1999 年 600K 报告中 (4)。 1998 年美国公共利益研究小组和国家环境法中心的报告也得出了类似的结论 (5)。尽管他们的数据收集存在局限性，但他们添加了有关化学品释放对社区和“脆弱区”的危险的信息在最坏的情况下。他们得出的结论是，有 4100 万美国人生活在设施周围 3 英里范围内，可能会造成严重伤害或死亡，这个数字令人畏惧，这凸显了防止危险材料严重泄漏并在泄漏时保护工人和公众的必要性。