Power analysis for longitudinal trials

纵向试验的功效分析

基本信息

批准号：
7801500
负责人：
Michael Borenstein
金额：
$ 19.39万
依托单位：
BIOSTATISTICAL PROGRAMMING ASSOC, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-01 至 2010-10-01
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7801500
关键词：
21 year old Accounting Address Adolescent Advocate Affect Age Aging Analysis of Variance Applications Grants Behavior Bibliography Biological Birth Cerebral Palsy Child Child Development Child health care Clinical Trials Design Cognitive Communities Complex Computer software Data Databases Development Dimensions Disease Progression Drug abuse Drug usage Education Emotional Ensure Equilibrium Event Failure Family Feedback Funding Funding Agency Gerontology Goals Grant Graph Health Health Sciences Intervention Intuition Investments Justice Kidney Diseases Longitudinal Studies Measurement Measures Medicine Mining Modeling National Children&apos s Study National Institute of Mental Health National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institute on Aging Nature Needs Assessment Negative Finding Observational Study Outcome Output Paper Patients Pattern Perinatal Persons Play Policies Policy Research Population Pregnancy Prevention Procedures Process Psychosocial Factor PubMed Publications Publishing Randomized Reporting Research Research Design Research Personnel Risk Role Running Sampling Sampling Errors Schedule Schools Series Side Small Business Innovation Research Grant Social Policies Social Sciences Structure Substance abuse problem Sum Survival Analysis Techniques Testing Time Time Study Violence Woman Work Youth aged anti social base commercialization cost design falls grasp healthy aging improved longitudinal analysis longitudinal design mortality peer programs public health relevance randomized trial science education simulation software development trend wasting web site working group

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Longitudinal trials are trials in which researchers track outcomes over a period of time. These trials play a prominent role in many fields including drug abuse, aging, medicine, social science, and education. Longitudinal studies, by their nature, often address issues that have important implications for long-term health and development. Also, because these studies are often seen as definitive, their results may have a substantial impact on policy. There have been more than 50,000 of these studies published, and the use of this design has been increasing in recent years. The statistical procedures required to plan and to analyze a longitudinal trial are substantially more complex than those used for simple randomized trials. Popular software packages such as SPSS, SAS, and Stata include modules for the analysis of longitudinal trials, and the vast majority of these trials are analyzed using these kinds of modules. By contrast, there is no commercial software to compute power for these trials, and the use of proper techniques to compute power when these studies are being planned is extremely rare. In most cases researchers compute power by ignoring the longitudinal aspect of the study and using techniques intended for simple randomized trials. This is a serious problem because this approach can yield estimates of power that are substantially in error. The goal of this project is to develop software to compute power for longitudinal studies. The program will work with an array of study designs, and it will incorporate a sophisticated user interface to address the kinds of real-world issues that must be addressed in a power analysis. On the input side, it will allow users to enter the kinds of data that they are likely to have, and to do so using a clear and intuitive interface. On the output side the program will create tables and graphs that allow the user to quickly assess the impact of all assumptions, and to determine how changes in the design would affect power and costs.

描述（由申请人提供）：纵向试验是研究人员跟踪一段时间内结果的试验。这些试验在药物滥用、老龄化、医学、社会科学和教育等许多领域发挥着突出作用。纵向研究就其性质而言，通常解决对长期健康和发展具有重要影响的问题。此外，由于这些研究通常被认为是确定性的，因此它们的结果可能对政策产生重大影响。此类研究已发表超过 50,000 篇，并且近年来这种设计的使用不断增加。计划和分析纵向试验所需的统计程序比简单随机试验所使用的统计程序要复杂得多。 SPSS、SAS 和 Stata 等流行软件包包含用于纵向试验分析的模块，绝大多数试验都是使用此类模块进行分析的。相比之下，没有商业软件来计算这些试验的功效，并且在计划这些研究时使用适当的技术来计算功效的情况极为罕见。在大多数情况下，研究人员通过忽略研究的纵向方面并使用用于简单随机试验的技术来计算功效。这是一个严重的问题，因为这种方法可能会产生严重错误的功率估计。该项目的目标是开发软件来计算纵向研究的功率。该程序将适用于一系列研究设计，并将包含复杂的用户界面，以解决功率分析中必须解决的各种现实问题。在输入方面，它将允许用户输入他们可能拥有的数据类型，并使用清晰直观的界面来完成此操作。在输出方面，程序将创建表格和图表，使用户能够快速评估所有假设的影响，并确定设计中的更改将如何影响功耗和成本。