Impact of maternal work in the Ecuadorian flower industry on infant development

厄瓜多尔花卉业中母亲工作对婴儿发育的影响

• 批准号: 7978977
• 负责人: Alexis Handal
• 金额: $ 21.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-24 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7978977
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Agriculture; Animals; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Carbamates; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child health care; Cognitive; Communities; Community Workers; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Data; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Ecuador; Education; Emotional; Enrollment; Ensure; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Family; Fetus; Flowers; Future; Growth; Health; Health Personnel; Hour; Industry; Infant; Infant Development; International; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Labor Forces; Language; Life; Literature; Marketing; Measures; Methods; Mothers; Motor; Neurologic; Nutritional status; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Organophosphates; Outcome; Pesticides; Pilot Projects; Play; Population; Population Control; Poverty; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Procedures; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Role; Rosa; Sampling; Screening procedure; Second Pregnancy Trimester; Social Environment; Solid; Stress; Testing; Third Pregnancy Trimester; Time; Toxicant exposure; Umbilical Cord Blood; United States; Urine; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; base; critical developmental period; design; executive function; farm worker; follow-up; human data; infancy; instrument; maternal depression; maternal stress; member; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; nutrition; pesticide exposure; pregnant; prenatal; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; pyrethroid; reproductive; social; social stress; tool; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Industrial agriculture is an increasingly important component of the economies of developing countries and women of reproductive age are an integral part of this labor force. The impact of job stress, poor working conditions, and occupational pesticide exposure on the health of women workers and their children is a pressing, but under-studied global public health concern. The proposed research presents a unique opportunity to study the impact of prenatal exposures in the Ecuadorian rose industry on child health within the social context of the family and community. The proposed study will provide crucial pilot data needed to design and implement our planned full-scale epidemiologic investigation of the effects of prenatal pesticide exposure on neurobehavioral development among children of greenhouse flower workers. This study will further our understanding of exposure to non-persistent, acutely toxic pesticides, which have become the most commonly used pesticides in agricultural industry in the Unites States and globally. Unlike other studies of Ecuadorian flower workers that have been done, this study: 1) follows pregnant women longitudinally through pregnancy and assesses the pesticide burden on the developing fetus; and 2) includes sensitive measures of maternal- child interaction and stimulation, early emotional regulation, maternal stress, and other important social and cultural factors which play a major role in child development. Using a community-based research approach and building on existing relationships with co-investigators in Ecuador and with community leaders and members, we will recruit and enroll 30 pregnant rose and non-rose workers in their second trimester, follow them through delivery and follow-up the mother-infant pair for 4 months. We will obtain biomarkers of pesticide exposure (urine, cord blood) from the mother during pregnancy and at delivery. Through maternal interviews, we will obtain data on health, working conditions during pregnancy, maternal stress levels and depression (PSI), maternal-child interactions, and socio-demographic factors. We will administer highly sensitive developmental screening and assessment tests (ASQ-3, Still-Face Paradigm) that will assess cognitive, motor, language, and social-behavioral development, and early executive function in infants at 4 months. Infants will also be measured for growth and nutritional status. We will quantify levels of pesticide exposure in mid pregnancy (urine) and late pregnancy (urine and cord blood). We will assess whether job tasks are associated with the pesticide biomarker levels, which will guide future questionnaire development. We will assess trends, correlations, and associations between pesticide exposure levels, developmental outcomes, and important confounding variables and will evaluate the feasibility of using our proposed developmental and maternal stress assessment tools in this culturally, linguistically, and economically distinct population. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: It is estimated that over 200 million children in the developing world are not reaching their full developmental potential and factors such as environmental toxic exposure, poor nutrition, poverty, maternal depression and stress, and social factors may all contribute to the loss of developmental potential in young children. Understanding how these factors impact child development is critical for developing and initiating interventions in affected communities that will promote better child health and development. This collaborative, international community-based pilot study, and the subsequent larger study we are planning, will begin to address these important issues.

描述（由研究者提供）：工业化农业是发展中国家经济中日益重要的组成部分，育龄妇女是这一劳动力队伍的组成部分。工作压力、恶劣的工作条件和职业农药暴露对女工及其子女健康的影响是一个紧迫但尚未得到充分研究的全球公共卫生问题。拟议的研究提供了一个独特的机会，可以在家庭和社区的社会背景下研究厄瓜多尔玫瑰产业产前暴露对儿童健康的影响。拟议的研究将为设计和实施我们计划的全面流行病学调查提供所需的关键试点数据，该调查旨在了解产前农药接触对温室花卉工人儿童神经行为发育的影响。这项研究将进一步加深我们对非持久性剧毒农药接触的了解，这些农药已成为美国和全球农业中最常用的农药。与其他针对厄瓜多尔花卉工人的研究不同，本研究：1) 纵向跟踪孕妇整个怀孕期，评估农药对发育中胎儿的负担； 2) 包括母婴互动和刺激、早期情绪调节、母亲压力以及其他在儿童发展中发挥重要作用的重要社会和文化因素的敏感措施。使用基于社区的研究方法，并建立在与厄瓜多尔联合研究人员以及社区领导和成员的现有关系的基础上，我们将招募和登记 30 名处于妊娠中期的怀孕玫瑰和非玫瑰工人，跟踪他们的分娩过程并跟踪他们的情况。母婴对养育4个月。我们将从母亲怀孕期间和分娩时获取农药暴露的生物标志物（尿液、脐带血）。通过产妇访谈，我们将获得有关健康状况、怀孕期间的工作条件、产妇压力水平和抑郁症（PSI）、母婴互动以及社会人口因素的数据。我们将进行高度敏感的发育筛查和评估测试（ASQ-3，Still-Face Paradigm），以评估 4 个月大婴儿的认知、运动、语言和社会行为发育以及早期执行功能。还将测量婴儿的生长和营养状况。我们将量化怀孕中期（尿液）和怀孕后期（尿液和脐带血）的农药暴露水平。我们将评估工作任务是否与农药生物标志物水平相关，这将指导未来的调查问卷开发。我们将评估农药暴露水平、发育结果和重要混杂变量之间的趋势、相关性和关联，并将评估在这个文化、语言和经济独特的人群中使用我们提出的发育和孕产妇压力评估工具的可行性。 公共卫生相关性：据估计，发展中国家有超过 2 亿儿童尚未充分发挥其发育潜力，环境有毒物质暴露、营养不良、贫困、孕产妇抑郁和压力以及社会因素等因素都可能导致儿童丧失发育潜力。幼儿的发展潜力。了解这些因素如何影响儿童发展对于在受影响社区制定和启动干预措施至关重要，以促进更好的儿童健康和发展。这项基于国际社区的合作试点研究以及我们计划的后续更大规模研究将开始解决这些重要问题。