In-vivo control of information flow by artificial stimulation: ephys and behavior

通过人工刺激对信息流进行体内控制：ephys 和行为

• 批准号: 9105421
• 负责人: Garrett B. Stanley
• 金额: $ 31.95万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9105421
• 关键词: Acute; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Code; Communities; Coupled; Cues; Decision Making; Deltastab; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Dyes; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Exhibits; Face; Feedback; Foundations; Health; Image; Individual; Investigation; Laboratories; Link; Maps; Motor; Motor output; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Optics; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Population; Positioning Attribute; Property; Public Health; Rattus; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Site; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Thalamic structure; Time; Tissues; Trauma; Vibrissae; Work; awake; base; design; in vivo; information processing; innovation; microstimulation; motor control; muscular system; nervous system disorder; optogenetics; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory input; spatiotemporal; tool; transmission process; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In-vivo control of information flow by artificial stimulation: ephys and behavior Sensory pathways in the brain exist to extract and process information about the outside world, so that we may perceive our environment and make decisions about our actions. In contrast to motor control, where a rich history of investigation has formed a foundation for linking neuronal population activity in motor regions to elements of motor output, we do not have an analogous general framework for providing surrogate signals to sensory pathways. Using a combination of acute and awake-behaving experiments in the rat vibrissa system, coupled with sub-cortical patterned electrical and optical (optogenetic) stimulation, voltage sensitive dye (VSD) imaging of cortical activation, ideal observer and information theoretic analyses, and precise sensory behavioral tasks, we are uniquely positioned to develop a framework for characterizing, optimizing, and controlling information flow in sensory pathways induced through artificial activation of neural structures. In this project, we will 1) utilize electrical and optical stimulation of the thalamus in conjunction with n-vivo VSD imaging in cortex of the anesthetized rat to assess the detectability and discriminability of a range of stimuli from the perspective of an ideal observer of cortical activiy, and formulate a principled basis for stimulation design for optimizing discriminability, 2) manipulate the level of thalamic depolarization/synchrony through background depolarization/hyperpolarization using optogenetic techniques to shape the nonlinear response properties of the circuit and develop control of the level of detectability and discriminability among sets of inputs, and 3) develop a behavioral framework for artificial manipulation of the trade-off between detectability and discriminability to optimize performance in different contexts. Significance: The development of artificial means by which to activate sensory circuits for impaired individuals is thus an extremely important public health issue, and the development of principles for controlling information flow in sensory pathways is of paramount importance, but currently does not exist. Furthermore, being able to activate downstream brain structures in a precise manner is also critical in the basic scientific investigation of how populations of neurons represent information and how these representations are propagated across brain regions - to understand the neural code. Innovation: The conceptual innovation here is the use of the link between performance of an ideal observer of cortical activity and behavior as a design and optimization tool for artificial stimulation. We use an innovative combination of in-vivo electrophysiology with multi-electrode, mult-site recording, voltage sensitive dye imaging, patterned microstimulation and optogenetics, highly specific behavioral tasks, and a control-theoretic framework, which together do not exist in the scientific community.

描述（由申请人提供）：体内通过人工刺激控制信息流的信息：存在脑和行为感官途径，以提取和处理有关外界的信息，以便我们可以感知我们的环境并就行动做出决定。 与运动控制相反，在运动的历史悠久的历史为将运动区域的神经元种群活动与运动输出元件联系起来的基础上，我们没有一个类似的通用框架来为感觉途径提供替代信号。 结合大鼠颤音系统中的急性和清醒的实验，再加上皮层图案的电气和光学（光遗传学）刺激，电压敏感染料（VSD）对皮质激活，理想的观察者和信息理论的启发，并在表现上，我们的特征和精确的框架定位了启动的框架，以下通过人工激活神经结构引起的感觉途径流动。 在这个项目中，我们将1）使用麻醉大鼠的皮层中的丘脑对丘脑的电气和光学刺激以及N-Vivo VSD成像来评估从理想观察者的角度进行刺激性的启发性的，并构建了刺激性的启发性，并构建了刺激性的启发性，并构建了刺激性的刺激性，并构建了刺激性的启发性，并构建了原则性的设计，并具有优化的刺激性，并具有优化的刺激性效果。通过背景去极化/超极化的丘脑去极化/同步使用光遗传技术来塑造电路的非线性响应特性，并建立了输入集合之间的可检测性和可区分性的控制，而3）3）3）3）），以使可检测性和辨别性之间的折衷和辨别能力在不同的上下文中的性能之间进行人工操纵。重要性：因此，为受损个人激活感官电路的人工手段的发展是一个极为重要的公共卫生问题，并且在感官途径中控制信息流的原则的发展至关重要，但目前不存在。 此外，能够以精确的方式激活下游大脑结构也至关重要 表示信息以及如何在大脑区域传播这些表示形式 - 了解神经代码。 创新：这里的概念创新是在理想的皮质活动观察者和行为观察者之间的联系作为人工刺激的设计和优化工具之间的使用。 我们使用了体内电生理学与多电极，多站点记录，电压敏感染料成像，图案化的微刺激和光遗传学，高度特定的行为任务以及控制理论框架的创新组合，在科学界不存在。