Evaluating corralling and the effect of dung beetles on transmission and control of cysticercosis

评估粪甲虫的围捕和对囊尾蚴病传播和控制的影响

• 批准号: 8948093
• 负责人: Seth E O'Neal
• 金额: $ 21.33万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8948093
• 关键词: Advisory Committees; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Animals; Antibodies; Area; Asia; Autopsy; Behavior; Brain; Cestoda; Cestode Infections; Charge; Cluster randomized trial; Communities; Cyst; Cysticercosis; Deposition; Development; Disease; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epilepsy; Family; Family suidae; Feces; Food Safety; Genus Tenia; Goals; Hospitalization; Human; Infection; Ingestion; Insecta; International; Intestines; Knowledge; Larva; Latin America; Life; Longevity; Low Prevalence; Meat; Mechanics; Methods; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurologic; Order Coleoptera; Parasites; Pattern; Peru; Plants; Play; Production; Public Health; Risk; Role; Route; Seeds; Sentinel; Series; Serologic tests; Taenia Saginata; Taenia solium; United States; chemotherapy; cohort; design; disease transmission; disorder control; egg; health economics; mathematical model; prevent; programs; public health relevance; research study; transmission process; vector

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cysticercosis is an emerging public health and economic problem around the world, causing debilitating brain infection in humans, widespread compromises in food safety and important economic losses from contaminated meat. It is caused by the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, a zoonotic parasite that infects both humans and pigs. Infection of the human brain is responsible for 30% of epilepsy in Latin America, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Although cysticercosis is one of only seven diseases considered to be potentially eradicable, significant gaps in our knowledge of how T. solium is transmitted between hosts threatens the effectiveness and sustainability of control and elimination programs. We will conduct a controlled cluster randomized trial in Peru to evaluate the role that dung beetles play in parasite transmission. We will introduce 3 distinct cohorts of sentinel seronegative piglets int an endemic community to evaluate differences in both cysticercosis seroincidence and infection. Each of the 3 cohorts will be exposed to distinct risk environments. Cohort one will raised in standard corrals (exposed to dung beetles but protected from direct access to human feces); cohort two will be raised in netted corrals (protected from dung beetles and direct access to human feces); cohort three will be allowed to roam free using the scavenging method of pig-production typical of the region (exposed to both dung beetles and direct access to human feces). Pigs will be followed for a period of 9 months during which serology will be monitored monthly for development of cysticercosis antibodies. Following the 9 month period, the cyst burden of each animal will be quantified through fine necropsy. We will also trap dung beetles monthly in all of the study environments, and will dissect the beetles to quantify the number of T. solium eggs carried within the intestinal tract. This study will determine the extent to which dung beetles are involved in the transmission of T. solium. If the results confirm that dung beetles play a significant role in parasite transmission, this will have profound implications on design and conduct of control and elimination strategies around the world.

 描述（由适用提供）：囊肿性是世界各地新兴的公共卫生和经济问题，导致人类的大脑感染使人衰弱，广泛妥协食品安全和受污染肉的重要经济损失。它是由猪肉tape虫，taenia solium引起的，这是一种感染人类和猪的人畜共患寄生虫。在拉丁美洲，亚洲和撒哈拉以南非洲，人脑的感染导致了30％的癫痫病。尽管囊肿是仅有的七种疾病之一，但在我们了解如何在宿主之间传播的the虫如何传播的差距很大，这威胁了控制和消除计划的有效性和可持续性。我们将在秘鲁进行受控的聚类随机试验，以评估甲虫在寄生虫传播中的作用。我们将介绍3个不同的哨兵塞隆小猪，以评估囊性血清感染和感染的差异。这三个队列中的每一个都将暴露于不同的风险环境。队列将在标准畜栏中升起（暴露于甲虫，但可保护不受人类粪便的直接接触）；队列将在净畜栏中饲养（免受甲虫的保护并直接进入人粪便）；使用典型的猪生产方法（暴露于粪便甲虫和直接进入人粪便）的清除方法，将允许三个队列漫游。将遵循猪的9个月，在此期间，将每月监测血清学以开发囊性抗体。在9个月后，将通过细尸检来量化每种动物的囊肿燃烧。我们还将在所有研究环境中每月捕获甲虫，并剖析甲虫以量化T的数量。 肠卵在肠道内携带。这项研究将确定粪便的程度 甲虫与T. solium的传播有关。如果结果证实甲虫在寄生虫传播中起着重要作用，那么这将对世界各地的控制和消除策略的设计和行为产生深远的影响。