Interaction of Mesenteric Adipose Tissue Physiology, Expansion, and Inflammation with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

肠系膜脂肪组织生理学、扩张和炎症与炎症性肠病的相互作用

• 批准号: 10590505
• 负责人: Christy M Gliniak
• 金额: $ 13.63万
• 依托单位: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2028-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10590505
• 关键词: Abdomen; Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Affect; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Area; Bacteria; Biological Markers; Biology; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Data; Communication; Complex; Crohn' s disease; Data; Disease; Disease Progression; Endocrine Glands; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Gene Expression; Goals; Heterogeneity; High Fat Diet; Hormones; Human; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Ileocolitis; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestines; Intra-abdominal; Knowledge; Large Intestine; Link; Lipids; Literature; Liver; Lymphatic; Mediating; Mesenteric Arteries; Mesentery; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Methods; Modeling; Mus; Nature; Nerve; Obesity; Obesity Epidemic; Organ; Outcome; Overnutrition; Pathologic; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Population; Prevalence; Property; Research; Role; Serous Membrane; Severities; Sex Differences; Small Intestines; Study models; Techniques; Therapeutic; Tissue Expansion; Tissues; Translating; Ulcerative Colitis; Veins; Visceral; Visceral fat; Work; abdominal fat; adipokines; blood glucose regulation; burden of illness; cell type; chemokine; combat; coping; cytokine; diet-induced obesity; feeding; gastrointestinal; gastrointestinal system; gut inflammation; immune cell infiltrate; immunoregulation; improved; lipid biosynthesis; lipid metabolism; lymph nodes; mouse model; novel strategies; progenitor; response; sexual dimorphism; single-cell RNA sequencing; stem cells; therapeutic target; therapy outcome; transcriptome sequencing

Project Summary Over the past two decades there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, coincident with the obesity epidemic. Obesity and adipose tissue inflammation are linked to whole-body metabolic disturbances as other organs cope with toxic levels of lipid, which would otherwise be safely stored in adipocytes. Of additional importance, adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes numerous adipokines including hormones and cytokines, regulating systemic glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and many other physiological processes. Many clinical and animal studies show a strong link between expansion of intra-abdominal fat, or visceral fat, and increased burden of IBD. The mesenteric visceral adipose tissue depot (MAT) surrounds and supports the gastrointestinal tract, dramatically expands during obesity, and is associated with unfavorable therapeutic outcomes for IBD. However, studying mesenteric adipose tissue is challenging as it is a highly lymphatic and cellularly heterogenous tissue. In this proposal I have applied methods that will isolate mature adipocytes, adipocyte progenitors, and immune cells so that I can study the unique way MAT remodels during obesity and how MAT inflammation affects the progression of IBD. The literature and our preliminary data suggest that during obesity MAT expansion and remodeling is different than other visceral adipose depots. Therefore, I hypothesize that during obesity, MAT undergoes maladaptive remodeling, initiating inflammatory cascades that exacerbates IBD in mice. The first Aim will define pathological MAT expansion during obesity using adipocyte and adipocyte progenitor lineage-tracing mouse models, in-depth characterization of the immune system, and single-cell RNA-sequencing methods. The second Aim will determine the importance of MAT inflammation to IBD progression. The gastrointestinal tract has understandably been the primary focus of study for several well-established mouse models that closely resemble human Crohn's disease. My general approach will be to focus on MAT biology and the role of mesenteric adipocyte inflammation at the intestinal interface. To study MAT/intestinal crosstalk during IBD, I will use mouse models to alter inflammation in MAT in an inducible manner and observe the effect on the severity of intestinal damage and inflammation. Currently, there is an unmet need for the treatment of IBD and no MAT-targeted treatments for IBD exist. Therefore, an understanding of mesenteric adipose tissue during obesity and its communication to the intestine may open up a fruitful area of research for new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for IBD.

项目概要 在过去的二十年中，炎症性肠病的患病率急剧增加 (IBD)，例如溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病，与肥胖流行同时发生。肥胖和脂肪 当其他器官应对有毒水平的物质时，组织炎症与全身代谢紊乱有关 脂质，否则它会安全地储存在脂肪细胞中。更重要的是，脂肪组织是一种活跃的 内分泌器官，分泌大量脂肪因子，包括激素和细胞因子，调节全身 葡萄糖稳态、脂质代谢、炎症和许多其他生理过程。临床上很多 动物研究表明，腹内脂肪或内脏脂肪的扩张与 IBD负担增加。肠系膜内脏脂肪组织库 (MAT) 包围并支持 胃肠道在肥胖期间急剧扩张，并且与不利的治疗有关 IBD 的结果。然而，研究肠系膜脂肪组织具有挑战性，因为它是高度淋巴和 细胞异质组织。在这个提案中，我应用了分离成熟脂肪细胞的方法， 脂肪细胞祖细胞和免疫细胞，以便我可以研究 MAT 重塑过程中的独特方式 肥胖以及 MAT 炎症如何影响 IBD 的进展。 文献和我们的初步数据表明，在肥胖期间，MAT 扩张和重塑是 与其他内脏脂肪库不同。因此，我假设在肥胖期间，MAT 会经历 适应不良的重塑，引发炎症级联反应，加剧小鼠 IBD。第一个目标将 使用脂肪细胞和脂肪细胞祖细胞谱系追踪定义肥胖期间的病理性 MAT 扩张 小鼠模型、免疫系统的深入表征以及单细胞 RNA 测序方法。这 第二个目标将确定 MAT 炎症对 IBD 进展的重要性。胃肠道 可以理解的是，对于几种成熟的小鼠模型来说，它是研究的主要焦点，这些模型与 类似于人类克罗恩病。我的总体方法是关注 MAT 生物学以及 肠道界面处的肠系膜脂肪细胞炎症。为了研究 IBD 期间的 MAT/肠道串扰，我将 使用小鼠模型以诱导方式改变 MAT 中的炎症并观察对严重程度的影响 肠道损伤和炎症。 目前，IBD 的治疗需求尚未得到满足，并且不存在针对 IBD 的 MAT 靶向治疗方法。 因此，了解肥胖期间肠系膜脂肪组织及其与肠道的沟通 肠道可能为 IBD 新生物标志物和治疗策略开辟一个富有成果的研究领域。