Evolution of the mRNA pool in Drosophila eggs and its effect on development

果蝇卵中mRNA库的进化及其对发育的影响

• 批准号: 9127993
• 负责人: Susan E Lott
• 金额: $ 26.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9127993
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Alleles; Animal Model; Animals; Cataloging; Catalogs; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Deposition; Development; Developmental Process; Drosophila genus; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Evolution; Female; Fertility; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profile; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Epistasis; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Goals; Health; Human; Investments; Laboratories; Maternal Messenger RNA; Measures; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Nature; Oogenesis; Organism; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Phylogenetic Pattern; Phylogeny; Play; Population; Process; Proteins; Regulation; Research; Rest; Role; Staging; System; Temperature; Testing; Time; Transcript; Translating; Variant; Work; base; egg; fitness; fly; follow-up; gene product; genome-wide; interest; life history; mRNA Expression; mRNA Stability; novel; reproductive; tool; zygote

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In animals, including humans, mothers supply eggs with the mRNAs and proteins that drive the critical early stages of development. These maternally supplied factors directly control early developmental processes, and establish trajectories for the rest of development. Altering the levels of maternally deposited factors in model organisms in the laboratory can have dramatic effects on development, and hence adult phenotypes. Despite the importance of these maternally supplied factors to the development and fitness of the organism, little is known about how they evolve. This is of particular interest, because genetic control over this period of development has to be coordinated across two different genomes, that of the mother and that of the zygote, a form of epistasis which may pose a particular challenge to evolution. The fly species in the genus Drosophila, with its rich diversity of species covering 50 million years of divergence time, provide a great model for such a study. The Drosophila system has the advantage of extensive catalogs of the mRNAs and proteins deposited by females of the model species D. melanogaster, and much research has gone into understanding the specific developmental and regulatory roles of many of these factors. Despite the extent of the previous work in D. melanogaster, we know very little about how these maternally derived factors vary across species. This work proposes to: 1) characterize the mRNA pools in embryos, both those deposited by the mother and those later transcribed by the zygote, within and between Drosophila species, using mRNA sequencing methods, 2) determine phylogenetic patterns and life-history correlates of maternal and zygotic mRNA pool changes, and 3) identify genetic mechanisms underlying the evolutionary turnover of mRNA pools within and between species. The goal of this project is to understand how these mRNA pools evolve, and what the effect of these changes will be on the developmental process and the fitness of the organism.

描述（由申请人提供）：在包括人类在内的动物中，母亲会提供卵子和蛋白质，这些卵驱动着重要的早期发育阶段。这些母体提供的因素直接控制早期发育过程，并为其余发展建立轨迹。改变实验室模型生物中的母体沉积因子水平可能会对发展产生巨大影响，从而对成人表型产生巨大影响。尽管这些母体为生物体的发展和适应性提供了重要的因素，但对它们的发展方式知之甚少。这是特别感兴趣的 由于对这一发展时期的遗传控制必须在两个不同的基因组中进行协调，即母亲和合子的基因组，这是一种可能对进化构成特殊挑战的上述形式。 果蝇属的蝇物种具有覆盖5000万年差异时间的丰富多样性，为这项研究提供了一个很好的模型。果蝇系统的优势是模型物种D. Melanogaster沉积的广泛的mRNA和蛋白质的广泛目录，并且许多研究已经了解了许多这些因素的特定发展和调节作用。尽管先前在D. melanogaster中的工作程度，但我们对这些母体衍生的因素的各种因素如何变化。这项工作提出了：1）在胚胎中和后来被合子抄录的胚胎中的mRNA库中，果蝇物种之间和之间的那些人群，使用mRNA测序方法，2）确定系统发育模式和生命创历史的相关性，以及在杂物中的孕产妇和Zygotic mRNA池的变化，以及3）群体中的机制群体中的浮标。该项目的目的是了解这些mRNA池如何发展，以及这些变化对生物体的发育过程和适应性的影响。