Evolution of the mRNA pool in Drosophila eggs and its effect on development

果蝇卵中mRNA库的进化及其对发育的影响

• 批准号: 8747382
• 负责人: Susan E Lott
• 金额: $ 25.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8747382
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Alleles; Animal Model; Animals; Cataloging; Catalogs; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Deposition; Development; Developmental Process; Drosophila genus; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Evolution; Female; Fertility; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profile; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Epistasis; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Goals; Human; Investments; Laboratories; Maternal Messenger RNA; Measures; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Nature; Oogenesis; Organism; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Phylogenetic Pattern; Phylogeny; Play; Population; Process; Proteins; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Rest; Role; Staging; System; Temperature; Testing; Time; Transcript; Translating; Variant; Work; base; egg; fitness; fly; follow-up; genome-wide; interest; life history; mRNA Expression; mRNA Stability; novel; public health relevance; reproductive; tool; zygote

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In animals, including humans, mothers supply eggs with the mRNAs and proteins that drive the critical early stages of development. These maternally supplied factors directly control early developmental processes, and establish trajectories for the rest of development. Altering the levels of maternally deposited factors in model organisms in the laboratory can have dramatic effects on development, and hence adult phenotypes. Despite the importance of these maternally supplied factors to the development and fitness of the organism, little is known about how they evolve. This is of particular interest, because genetic control over this period of development has to be coordinated across two different genomes, that of the mother and that of the zygote, a form of epistasis which may pose a particular challenge to evolution. The fly species in the genus Drosophila, with its rich diversity of species covering 50 million years of divergence time, provide a great model for such a study. The Drosophila system has the advantage of extensive catalogs of the mRNAs and proteins deposited by females of the model species D. melanogaster, and much research has gone into understanding the specific developmental and regulatory roles of many of these factors. Despite the extent of the previous work in D. melanogaster, we know very little about how these maternally derived factors vary across species. This work proposes to: 1) characterize the mRNA pools in embryos, both those deposited by the mother and those later transcribed by the zygote, within and between Drosophila species, using mRNA sequencing methods, 2) determine phylogenetic patterns and life-history correlates of maternal and zygotic mRNA pool changes, and 3) identify genetic mechanisms underlying the evolutionary turnover of mRNA pools within and between species. The goal of this project is to understand how these mRNA pools evolve, and what the effect of these changes will be on the developmental process and the fitness of the organism.

描述（由申请人提供）：在包括人类在内的动物中，母亲为卵子提供驱动关键的早期发育阶段的 mRNA 和蛋白质。这些母体提供的因素直接控制早期发育过程，并为其余的发育建立轨迹。在实验室中改变模型生物中母体沉积因子的水平可以对发育产生巨大影响，从而对成年表型产生巨大影响。尽管这些母体提供的因素对于有机体的发育和健康很重要，但人们对它们如何进化知之甚少。这是特别令人感兴趣的， 因为对这一发育时期的遗传控制必须在两个不同的基因组（母亲的基因组和受精卵的基因组）之间进行协调，这是一种可能对进化构成特殊挑战的上位性形式。 果蝇属的果蝇物种具有丰富的物种多样性，涵盖了5000万年的分化时间，为此类研究提供了一个很好的模型。果蝇系统的优势在于，它拥有模式物种黑腹果蝇雌性沉积的大量 mRNA 和蛋白质目录，并且已经开展了大量研究来了解其中许多因素的具体发育和调节作用。尽管之前对黑腹果蝇的研究工作很广泛，但我们对这些母源因素在不同物种之间的差异知之甚少。这项工作建议：1) 使用 mRNA 测序方法，表征果蝇物种内部和之间胚胎中的 mRNA 库，包括由母亲沉积的胚胎和后来由受精卵转录的胚胎，2) 确定果蝇物种的系统发育模式和生活史相关性。母体和合子 mRNA 库的变化，3) 确定物种内和物种间 mRNA 库进化更替的遗传机制。该项目的目标是了解这些 mRNA 库如何进化，以及这些变化对生物体的发育过程和适应性有何影响。