Oral Microbiota and Influenza Infection

口腔微生物群和流感感染

基本信息

批准号：
9090001
负责人：
BETSY FOXMAN
金额：
$ 11.63万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9090001
关键词：
Affect Age Bacteria Bacterial Infections Bacterial Pneumonia Bacterial Typing Cause of Death Chemicals Child Clostridium difficile Communities Computing Methodologies DNA Sequence Dagan Data Databases Development Epidemiologic Methods Epidemiologic Studies Future Gender Genetic Goals Growth Haemophilus influenzae Health Healthcare Household Human Human Microbiome Immune system Incidence Indigenous Influenza Intervention Laboratories Life Maintenance Mediating Microbe Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Mus Nasopharynx Nicaragua Nose Oral Oropharyngeal Otitis Media Pathogenesis Pharyngeal structure Play Pneumonia Predisposition Prevalence Protocols documentation Resistance Risk Risk Estimate Risk Factors Role Specimen Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Structure Testing Time Vaccination Viral Pathogenesis Virus Virus Diseases ear infection flu transmission gut microbiota hearing impairment indexing influenzavirus innovation member microbiota novel strategies pathogen prevent prospective resilience respiratory response

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To resist or limit invasion by pathogens, the human host uses a number of physical and chemical barriers. The microbiota, indigenous microbes living in and on our bodies add an additional and often underappreciated level of protection. We will take advantage of the laboratory protocols, databases, and computational methods developed by the Human Microbiome Project to test hypotheses regarding the role of bacterial community structure in the human oropharynx in resisting invasion by viruses that cause respiratory illness, and bacteria that cause otitis media and pneumonia. We will do so using data collected from an established prospective household study of influenza risk in Nicaragua, the Household Influenza Transmission study. The overall goal of this study is to explore the role of the type and abundance of bacterial species present in the oropharynx (which we will refer to as community structure) and presence of other virus in resisting invasion by influenza virus, and in mediating growth of bacterial species that commonly cause pneumonia and otitis media. Our aim is to apply epidemiologic methods and state of the art genetic sequencing to test the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Influenza infection perturbs the bacterial community structure found in the oropharynx. The extent of perturbation varies by influenza type, the bacterial community structure, and presence of other virus. Hypothesis 2: The changes in bacterial community structure of the oropharynx microbiota in response to influenza infection are a marker of susceptibility to and overgrowth of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Hypothesis 3: The bacterial community structure and presence of commensal virus in the oropharynx microbiota mediates risk of influenza infection. The results of this highly interdisciplinary and innovative molecular epidemiologic study will inform the development of novel strategies to prevent otitis media and bacterial pneumonia and to enhance therapy by manipulating the oropharynx microbiota.

描述（由适用提供）：为了抵抗或限制病原体的侵袭，人类宿主使用了许多物理和化学障碍。居住在我们体内和体内的微生物群，土著微生物增加了额外的且常常不足的保护水平。我们将利用人类微生物组项目开发的实验室方案，数据库和计算方法，以检验有关细菌群落结构在人口咽中的作用的假设，这些假设在引起呼吸道疾病的病毒和引起耳炎培养基症状的细菌的病毒中。我们将使用从尼加拉瓜的既定前瞻性家庭研究中收集的数据（家庭流感传播研究）收集的数据。这项研究的总体目的是探索口咽中存在的细菌种类的类型和抽象的作用（我们将其称为社区结构），以及其他病毒在抵抗影响力病毒侵袭的情况下，以及通常引起肺炎和耳炎培养基的细菌物种的生长。我们的目的是应用流行病学方法和艺术遗传测序的状态来检验以下假设：假设1：流感感染使细菌群落结构伴随着口咽部中发现的细菌群落结构。影响力类型，细菌群落结构以及其他病毒的存在的扰动变化程度。假设2：响应减轻感染的细菌社区结构的变化是对肺炎链球菌的易感性和过度生长的标志。假设3：细菌群落结构和口咽菌群中共生病毒的存在介导了影响感染的影响风险。这项高度跨学科和创新的分子流行病学研究的结果将为预防中耳炎和细菌肺炎的新型策略发展提供信息，并通过操纵口咽微生物群来增强治疗。