Oral Microbiota and Influenza Infection

口腔微生物群和流感感染

基本信息

批准号：
8950300
负责人：
BETSY FOXMAN
金额：
$ 31.08万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8950300
关键词：
Affect Age Bacteria Bacterial Infections Bacterial Pneumonia Bacterial Typing Cause of Death Chemicals Child Clostridium difficile Communities Computing Methodologies DNA Sequence Dagan Data Databases Development Epidemiologic Methods Epidemiologic Studies Future Gender Genetic Goals Growth Haemophilus influenzae Health Healthcare Household Human Human Microbiome Immune system Incidence Indigenous Influenza Intervention Laboratories Life Maintenance Mediating Microbe Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Mus Nasopharynx Nicaragua Nose Oral Oropharyngeal Otitis Media Pathogenesis Pharyngeal structure Play Pneumonia Predisposition Prevalence Protocols documentation Relative (related person)Resistance Risk Risk Estimate Risk Factors Role Specimen Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Structure Testing Time Vaccination Viral Pathogenesis Virus Virus Diseases ear infection flu transmission gut microbiota hearing impairment indexing influenzavirus innovation member novel strategies pathogen prevent prospective public health relevance resilience respiratory response

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To resist or limit invasion by pathogens, the human host uses a number of physical and chemical barriers. The microbiota, indigenous microbes living in and on our bodies add an additional and often underappreciated level of protection. We will take advantage of the laboratory protocols, databases, and computational methods developed by the Human Microbiome Project to test hypotheses regarding the role of bacterial community structure in the human oropharynx in resisting invasion by viruses that cause respiratory illness, and bacteria that cause otitis media and pneumonia. We will do so using data collected from an established prospective household study of influenza risk in Nicaragua, the Household Influenza Transmission study. The overall goal of this study is to explore the role of the type and abundance of bacterial species present in the oropharynx (which we will refer to as community structure) and presence of other virus in resisting invasion by influenza virus, and in mediating growth of bacterial species that commonly cause pneumonia and otitis media. Our aim is to apply epidemiologic methods and state of the art genetic sequencing to test the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Influenza infection perturbs the bacterial community structure found in the oropharynx. The extent of perturbation varies by influenza type, the bacterial community structure, and presence of other virus. Hypothesis 2: The changes in bacterial community structure of the oropharynx microbiota in response to influenza infection are a marker of susceptibility to and overgrowth of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Hypothesis 3: The bacterial community structure and presence of commensal virus in the oropharynx microbiota mediates risk of influenza infection. The results of this highly interdisciplinary and innovative molecular epidemiologic study will inform the development of novel strategies to prevent otitis media and bacterial pneumonia and to enhance therapy by manipulating the oropharynx microbiota.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了抵抗或限制病原体的入侵，人类宿主使用了许多物理和化学屏障，生活在我们体内和体表的本土微生物增加了额外的且经常被低估的保护水平。利用人类微生物组项目开发的实验室协议、数据库和计算方法来测试有关人类口咽部细菌群落结构在抵抗引起呼吸道疾病的病毒和引起呼吸道疾病的细菌入侵方面的作用的假设我们将使用尼加拉瓜一项已建立的流感风险前瞻性家庭研究——家庭流感传播研究中收集的数据来进行此研究。这项研究的总体目标是探讨存在的细菌种类和丰度的作用。口咽部（我们将其称为群落结构）和其他病毒的存在抵抗流感病毒的入侵，以及介导通常引起肺炎和中耳炎的细菌种类的生长我们的目标是应用流行病学方法。和最先进的基因测序来检验以下假设：假设 1：流感感染扰乱口咽部的细菌群落结构扰动的程度因流感类型、细菌群落结构和其他病毒的存在而异。：口咽部微生物群的细菌群落结构因流感感染而发生的变化是肺炎链球菌易感性和过度生长的标志。图 3：口咽微生物群中的细菌群落结构和共生病毒的存在介导流感感染的风险。这项高度跨学科和创新的分子流行病学研究的结果将为预防中耳炎和细菌性肺炎并加强治疗的新策略的开发提供信息。通过操纵口咽微生物群。